An Apology for Socrates and
Negotium Posterorum.

AN

APOLOGY FOR SOCRATES

AND

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM:

BY SIR JOHN ELIOT.

(1590 1632.)

NOW FOR THE FIRST TIME PRINTED : FROM THE

Edited, with Introduction and Additions from other MSS. at Port
Eliot, Notes and Illustration*) &f.

BY THE

REV. ALEXANDER B. GROSART, LL.D., F.S.A.,

ST. GEORGE'S, BLACKBURN, LANCASHIRE.

IN TWO VOLUMES.
VOL. II.

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM, PART II. ADDITIONS FROM PORT ELIOT MSS.

NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS AND GENERAL INDEX.

PRINTED FOR EARL ST. GERMANS AND
PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY.

1881.

CHISWICK PRESS: c. WHITTINGHAM AND co.

TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE.

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM,

TOMUS SECUNDUS, LIBER SECUNDUS.

II.

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM.

BOUT the time of the adiornment of the Par- Page 1x9.
liament from London, the Turks were growen
verie infestuous to the marchants. divers
ships & vessels they had taken, w th a multi-
tude of captives, drawn from them, in the west parts
they had made the coasts soe dangerous through their
spoiles, as few dar'd putt forth of their harbors ; hardlie in
them was the securitie thought enough, the boldness &
insolenc of these piratts was beyond all comparifon, noe
former times having beene exampled w th the like, their
adventure fbrmerlie on those seas was rare, almost vnheard
of, w ch made their comming then more strange, that being
aggravated by their frequencie & number, w ch their dailie
spoiles did witness, & those much heightend by their bould-
ness, it made a great impression on the Countrie, & possesst
it w th much fear, that divers alarums it receavd, w ch made
divers motions in the people, who, as their manner is,
fain'd or enlargd the cause after the apprehension of their
fancies, w ch passing to their neighbours, still affected them
w th more, vntill it had a generall influenc throughout/ all Page 130.

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

even the cheife townes & strengths not priviledgd or ex-
empted, they had in some parts entred even into the
mouthes of the close harbors, & shewd themfelves in
them, & all the open roads they vs'd confidentlie as their
owne. some ships they had taken vnder the fforts &
caftells. nothing did deterr them, but the whole Sea
seem'd theirs, in Cornwall they had landed, & carried
divers prisoners from the shore, all fishermen that stird
became their prey & purchase, they had gaind in that
Summer, at least, twelve hundred chriftians, the loss of
whom causd great lamentation w th their frinds. this man
bewayld his sonns, that his ffather, another his brother, a
foorth his servant, & the like ; husbands & wives, w th all
relations els of nature & civilitie did complaine ; besides the
preiudice of the marchants, the losing of their ships, the
interruption of their trade, w ch made a generall dampe on
all things, commodities being not vendible wher the trans-
portation is denied ; this likewise made a generall crie &
exclamation that noe part of that countrie did stand free,
Page 131. noe person but was affected w th that sence/ heerof a dailie
intelligenc had been given to the minifters of the State,
w th speciall addresses thervpon to implore for some releife.
divers ships were then readie of the ffleet, w ch might have
beene commanded to that service, they lay idle in their
harbours, in the Thames, at Portsmouth, & elswher, all
their men and provisions being aboard, they were to
attend the preparation of their fellows, for w ch generallie
was appointed the Rendezvous at Plimouth ; soe as this
imploiment would have drawne them to that place, their

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

countenanc in the passage would have dispeld those
pirats. noe charge had beene occasiond to the K[ing] noe
wast of the provisions, noe vnreadiness in the ships, noe
disorder to the service, but rather an advantage given in
all j yet nothing could be gotten, noe ship might be re-
mov'd, the trade & marchants were neglected, the coaft
was left vngarded, the Countrie stood expos'd, as if in
expiation of some sinne, it had beene made a sacrifice to
those monsters, amongst other cries & intelligences of
that kinde, ther came one directed to a gentleman of those
parts, to whom it had relation by his office, being vice
admirall/ of devonshire, that ther were fowrtie saile of Page
Turks befides those w ch formerlie kept that coast, then in
one ffleet come w th in the channell, & this warranted by
the deposition of the matter & some others of a small
barke that had past them in the night, he represents it to
the K[ing]. the K[ing] resenting trulie the danger of
his subiects presently recommends it to his Councell, com-
manding that gentleman to attend them ; who meeting,
& having the confiderations laid before them of the dif-
honor to the K[ing], the preiudice to the Countrie, the
necessitie & facilitie of releife, for w ch some few good ships
would serve, & those, being readie, importing noe charge
vnto the K[ing] noe hindranc to their service, it was ther-
vpon resolv'd, that eight ships for that purpose should be
sent, w ch having done that worke should awaite the rest at
Plimouth. this being settled by an order of the board,
was directed to the Commissioners of the navie [as] cer-
tified by letters to the Countrie, w ch thervpon conceavd

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

good hope & satisfaction, though the sequell did not an-
swear it. those Commissioners were the men, that had
the great business of that time, the whole strength &/

Page 133. preparation being navall, they were the masters of it.
either for that perticular then in hand or anie other ser-
vice & designe for the honor, or saftie of the kingdome,
w ch consisted in those Arks : theyr Judgments & discreations
must dispose it. they were first instituted, in the creation
of their office vnder the Admiraltie of the E[arl] of Not-
tingham, for a check & superintendanc to the Admirall,
that the whole kingdome stood not toomuch entrusted to
one man ; but after, through the conversion of the times,
they became onlie subservient to the Admirall j his instru-
ments to negotiat his ends, & his obiects against envie ;
inani nomine, as those ministers in Tacitus, alienee culpa
pretendebantur ; they had a great power in name, but
little libertie to vse it j onlie they were an apt disguise &
shadowe & a common ffather for all faults. I obferve this
the sooner, to shew the varietie of effects, w ch may be
emergent from one cause, & how from the same roote &
principle, both good & ill derive themfelves. this office,
in the inftitution, was w th reason for the common good &

Page 134. benefitt, to rectifie the actions/ of the Admiral] (though
laterallie it might have some obliquitie) but the execution
of it after was soe prestigious & corrupt, as nothing more
dangerous & obnoxious, the Admirall had w th them a
free command & libertie, whateuer he but intimated they
did, & if complaint succeeded it, the error was their owne.
of their number the first & principall was S r John Coke,

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

whom we mentioned before, & this was then his beft honor
and imploiment, the rest were but cyphers vnto him. to
him that order of the counfell was deliverd ; but he (as
not subiect to that authentic, having greater preparations
then in hand, yet not to give them perfection in their
kinde, but to sort them to the occasion of his thoughts, &
theirs from whom he had them, (w ch likewise did affoord
more matter of complaint) laies it by w th out observanc or
accompt, soe as the direction of his Ma tie , the resolution of
the Lords, the expectation of the Countrie were all frustrat
by that means, this bred both wonder and distast. that
a privat Commissioner of the Navie should presume to
oppose an order of the Councell, that that order being for-
tified by a speciall direction from the/ K[ing] should haue Page 135.
noe more observanc in a matter somuch concerning the
publicke good & securitie of the kingdome, it was thought
strange & fearfull. enemies at home were more doubted
vpon this then those pirats & enemies abroad, w ch ielosie
was augmented by another act & purpose that had it's prepa-
ration in that time ; w ch was for a consignment to the ffrench
of certaine war-lick ships, w th all their apparell & munition
to be delivered absolutlie into their hands, w ch for aught
was knowne might have beene vs'd against themselves, or,
as the effect did prove it, made the ruine of their frinds.
these were seven great marchant ships, & the Vantgard of
the king's, of w ch we shall speake heerafter. this note
being made onlie by the waie to shew the concurrenc of
those things : how ielosies did arise, from what roote thefy]
sprang, w ch after branch't themselues through the whole

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

state & kingd^me ; & in all things made expression of their
fruites.

The first budd putt forth on the first daie at Oxford,
wher, according to the adiornment being mett, a complaint

Page 136. W as exhibited to the/ Commons of a pardon then granted to a
Jesuit whom the towne of Exter had imprisoned, divers
circumstances were obferv'd in the aggravation of the fact,
first the insolenc of the Jesuit & him that brought the
pardon refusing to admitt anie deliberation in the pointe
vpon the presenting of the pardon, but requiringe an in-
stant answear from the Maior, & threatning him w th the
authorities above, if he delaid the least, then the latitude
of the patent, w*" 11 implied not onlie a pardon for the present,
but in effect an indulgenc more extensive, for the after
times to come ; for as it commanded the release of his im-
prisonment, soe it was a superseded* to all officers to impeach
-him for the future, then that clause, w ch in all pardons
is requird by the statute, that the delinquent before his
freedome & discharge, in all such cases should be bound to
the good behaviour w th good sureties, was wholie omitted
& left out. then the time likewise was observ'd, in w ch

Page 137. that grant was made, bearing date the twelvth of/ Julie,
the next daie after the adiornment made at London, when
that generall concession was exprest vpon the petition for
religion, that the answear should be reall & not verball. this
being held an ill comment on that text, & an vnhappie per-
formanc of that promise, w ch likewise was the first, itt being
in favor of that order w ch is most dangerous in religion, & for a
person as obnoxious as his order ; the whole house vpon the

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

apprehension of these things assum'd one face of sorrowe
wonder it wrought in some, fear generallie in all ; the
confusion of their thoughts imposd a silenc on their
tongues, w ch having held awhile, thus at length it brake.

Seneca reports it of an Emperor, that being prest
to write for the execution of a man, he vs'd this
elegie & complaint, vtinam nesclrem liter 'as ; wishing
he knew noe letters, rather then to imploie them to
such ends. I may at this time in the like sence assume
the like expression for myself, vtinam nesclrem loqui,! I Page 138.
would I could not speake, soe ther were not this oc-
casion, but the confideration of religion, the honor
of the K[ing], the service of this place, require me to
deale faithfullie w th my hart, having this libertie of
my mouth, freelie to render what I doe conceave, &
what I would desire vpon the Judgment of this case.
I cannot thinke this issued from the K[ing], or, if it
did, that he rightlie vnderstood it. I cannot beleeve
he gave his pardon to a Jesuit, & that soe soone vpon
his promise vnto vs. his favor perchance was in-
tended to the man, & his qualitie conceald by those
that did procure it, who secretlie of themselves might
extend it to the order. 'tis not seldome amongst
princes such things are drawne from them, they
cannot read everie grant that passes them, &, if their
leasure serv'd, yet sometimes their confidenc would
decline it. Though they are princes they leave not to
be men. harts they have still, & affections like to
others. & trust will follow wher love has gone be-

II. C

NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM.

Page 139. fore, therfore/ I doubt this some abuse of ministers,

who preferr their owne corruptions before religion or
the K[ing]. the time perhaps is not now seasonable
to question them ; but yet I would have it search't to
know the secrets of it. Let the Lord Keeper be
examin'd by what warrant he did issue it ; & that
being known let vs see who procured it. much
may be discover'd in this little ; & from this evill
cause some good effects may flowe. the K[ing]
when he shall trulie be inform'd, may againe recall his
grant, it has an example w th the ffrench, who, in
the like, report it of S* Lewis, that when a murderer
had petition 'd him, & receav'd a promise of his pardon,
as he was at his religious exercise & devotions, &
comming to that it'h psalmes, beatus est quifacit ius-
titiam In omni tempore, he revok't that promise & con-
cession & caus'd the malefactor to be executed, this
to a privat murderer that pious prince did doe, how-
much more then may we hope it from our K[ing]
vpon this grand traitor to the kingdome ?

Page 140. infinit is the disproportion of the offences,/ equall

the pietie of the princes, therfore what iustice was in
that, I cannot doubt in this, when the K[ing] our
Saint & Soveraign shall rightlie vnderstand it. to that
end my motion shall encline, that we proceed forthw th
to the examination of the fact, & that being knowne,
then to represent it to his ma tie , w th our petition for
some help & redress in this perticular ; & for a gene-
rail prevention of the like.

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. n

vpon this the king's councell did stand vp to make an
extenuation or excuse ; or, as some thought, to divert the
disquisition that was mov'd for, they made an acknow-
ledgment of the fact, & of the consequenc it imported, but
colord it w th a necessitie of the time, vpon the new marriage
of the Q_[ueen] & hir suite, w th the ffrench Ambassadors
assisting hir. they alledg'd it as a custome of K. James, at
the departing of Ambassadors, to make a gratification of
that kinde. this, they said, was but a perticular for once, &
in that the danger was not much, the answear that was
comming to the petition for religion, they assurd would
give satiffaction for the generall, & therfore/ desir'd that Page 141.
that scruple might resolve into a hopefull expectation for
the future, this had not the success that was intended,
but the consideration of the pardon did proceed, wherin it
was obiected against that part of the apologie for Ambassa-
dors, that their intervention in such cases, was one of the
greivances of that time. & theron 'twas observ'd that noe
other State admitted it ; nor could the presenc of their
prince release one man in Spaine. the infelicitie also of
their treaties was then noted, & a large discourse made on
it, by that learned and grave gentleman S r Henry Marten,
he shewd that in former times, when ould Ambassadors
were imploid whose wisdomes & experience might give a
promise for their workes, success did prove it not the pro-
prietie of their nation, as the ffrenchmen likewise, & others
had observ'd it. that the dexteritie of Englishmen was in
righting, not in treating, and by that manie millions had been
gain'd, as then exhausted by the other, he concluded in

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

the generall/that ther might be sought also a remedie for
this, w ch causd a sharp reflex vpon him from the envie of
Page 142. the State,/ those that were then in favor taking it for an
aspersion on their persons; the Ambassadors w ch had
treated w th the ffrench then for the marriag of the Q_[ueen]
being the Duke, the E. of Holland & the E. of Carlile.
the first two young & gamesome, fitter for sports then
businefs ; theother soe ceremonious & affected, that his
Judgment & realitie was in doubt, & his aptness conceavd
more to have beene deliciarum arbiter, as Petronius, then
arbiter regni, or negotiis regis, as Pallas vnder Nero : thefe
did take that note of ould Ambassadors to have a contrarie
reflection vpon them, w dl w th out doubt was signified ; &,
for this, they were incenst against him, wherof he had not
long after a full taste, ther was in that gentleman, great
years, great knowledg, great experienc, and great abilities
of nature to support them, he was a Doctor of the Lawe,
& had almost all the civill iurifdiction in his hands, being
Judge of the Admiraltie, Judge of the prerogative, Judge
of the Arches, in the first he stood as an officer to the
Duke, but the cheife dutie he profest was to Justice, &
his Countrie. this was the first parliament he had servd
Page i 43 . in, this almost his first entrance to the/ Parliament, this
the first triall of his service, w ch had such a reward from
the Court, as might have beene a discouragment to some
other, & was not w th out trouble vnto him. but in the
house it had a good approbation & acceptance, as it did
speake that truth, w ch was written on each hart ; & the
generall being laid vp for some other opportunitie, the per-

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 13

ticular was refolv'd on to be followd by a petition to the
K[ing], & a Committee to that end appointed to pre-
pare it.

this was the agitation of the first daie, and the next daie
had the like ; when, after the first reading of some bills, as
the vsuall manner is before the house be full for the enter-
taynment of the morning, the cause of Mountague was
resum'd & the last order read, vpon w ch he stood com-
mitted, the Sariant thervpon being requird to bring his
prisoner to the barr, anfweard that he had left him sicke, &
by a letter from him was advertisd that his weakness was
such as he could not travell, w ch giving noe satiffaction to the
house, that thought it an excuse, divers expressions were
[used] vpon [it], shewing a difaffection to the man. & that
his letter was held delatorie/ to avoid the question of his Page 144.
works, w ch being made an aggravation to his faults, rais'd the
confideration of his punishment to the greater severitie &
heigth ; & therfor it was vrg'd that he should presentlie be
sent for. this the king's Sollicitor did oppose by intimating
a message from the K[ing] that he was a chaplaine in
crdinarie to his ma tie , & that his ma tie had taken that cause
into his care, w ch would appeer vpon his answear to the
petition for religion, therfor he prest for a message to the
K[ing] to importune him for a remedie therin, w ch he
doubted not, would be granted to the full satiffaction of
their harts, much trouble being sav'd, and yet the worke
accomplish't. this was thought rather a diversion then
advise, & a waie conducing to some new preiudice &
danger, noe safe retreat or issue out of that.

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

it was replied that answears were but words, & their
satiffaction was not much wher deeds did contradict them.
as Mountague was said to be then a chaplaine to the K[ing]
it was obiected, as a note, for dissuasion to that waie, in
what time he was made soe. in the beginning of the

Page 145. Parliament he was a stranger to/ the Court, receav'd but
since his question, & whether or noe, on that occasion, it
was doubtfull, as what protection it might render, therfore
that Councell of going by petition was dislik't. it was said
to be vnparliamentarie, as vnfafe; but the other more
maiorum, & iuridicall. that extraiudiciall courses, to that
house had beene seldome fortunat & auspitious, of w ch
some precedents were instanc't, as the like remission to
K. J[ames] of the causes of Ireland & Virginia 18 of his
raigne. & that of S r Symon Harby 21. that all Justices &
deputie leiftenants in the Counties, this being granted,
may haue the like priviledg & protection, naie it was
alledg'd further that noe man could committ a publicke
crime or iniurie ; but by color of some publicke imploi-
ment for the K[ing] & soe all being made his servants, as
that was then requir'd, all, by the same reason should be
free from the Jurisdiction of the Parliament, what the Par-
liaments would be then, & what the Countrie by such
Parliaments, was offerd to the consideration of the howse,
w* a strong caution on that pointe to be carefull for pos-

Page 146. teritie. it was added that the/ K[ing] ought not to take
knowledg of their acts, before they were made publicke &
represented by the house, that the examples of all times
did warrant their intentions, & all qualities of men had

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 15

beene subiect to their questions, as the D. of Gaunt & the
Lo. Latimer 50 E. 3 were ther impeacht for giving ill
counsell to the K[ing], noe Dukedome or greatness could
exempt them from the iurisdiction of that Court, & the
right was still the same, the case of S r Thomas Parrie
was remembred 1 2 Ja[mes] for whom being a Councellor
of State the K[ing] then by like message interpos'd : but
the priviledg of the house was a direction to that time, w ch
proceeded vnto Judgment, & gave sentenc in the case, by
these reasons was supported the refolution to proceed not-
w th standing the king's message, the voge went generallie
as it was mov'd at first, that he should presentlie be fent
for; but this having a little alteration in the forme, for
that he stood committed to the sariant, and therfore should
be taken, as in custodie, & a prisoner, the Sariant was
thervpon commanded to produce him, or at his perill to
answear the neglect, some in this dispute had sallied vpon/
the confideration of his books, & therin tooke occasion to p age 147.
argue his opinions, descending into the subtilties of the
fchoolemen, about the infallibility of grace, the antecedent
& consequent wills of God ; but their zeale being more
commended then their Judgment, those doctrinall points
were wav'd, as not proper subiects for that place, & the
dispute was carried onlie vpon the consideration of his
person.

this difficultie being over, a new one did arise of the
same kinde though differing in the forme. D r Anian one
of the masters of the colledges, who had likewise beene
questioned by that Court, was appointed then to preach

i6 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

before both houses the next Sundaie. this was thought an
affront vnto the Parliament, the burgesses of that Vniver-
sitie were cal'd for. these were sent to [the] vice-chancelor
to expostulat the fact, the Vice-chancelor speaking w th
Anian, returnd his answear that he would not desift. but
in observance to the house he after causd the delegats to
meet, who difchargd him from the service, & nam'd
another in his stead, making w th some difficultie an accom-

Page 148. modation in that pointe. this shewd/ likewise the spirit
of that partie, w ch studied an innovation in the church, &
was taken for an indication of more danger, that bould-
ness thought improper for such men, schollers & church-
men being not alwaies found soe confident, still it increast
the fear, & w th that, the ielosie grew more hott, w ch then
appeerd in sparks, & after flam'd more cleerlie.

Both houses heer againe, it being the generall daie ap-
pointed for the kingdome, concurr'd in the celebration of
the fast, the outward pietie seem'd great, & manie, doubt-
less, had it trulie in their harts, yet some insinceritie was
suspected wher the practise & professions did not meet ;
that holinefs being distrusted, w ch ha's not righteousness to
accom panic it. the next morning, by a message from the
K[ing] both houses were commanded to attend him pre-
sently at christ church, wher, after some little expecta-
tion, his ma tie being come, he begann w th the occafion of
that meeting, & some short expressions of himself, some-
what he toucht of the preparation then in hand, & the
necessitie of the worke, w th a remembranc of their ioynt

Page i 49 . & mutuall ingagements/ thervnto, saying, that better it

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

were half his ships should perish, then that the ffleet should
not goe foorth. he vrg'd also, in his manner, the expenc
that had beene made, & w th out a further ayd that ther was
an impossibilitie to proceed, some intimation he vf 'd like-
wise of the guift that had beene past, & his acceptanc, but
not satiffaction on that pointe. concluding w th a considera-
tion of the time how dangerous it was, & leaving it to the
Judgment of that Councell, whether they would hould
greater, the fear of the sickness to themfelves, or the dif-
honor of their nation. Somewhat he added for the answear
to the petition of religion, that w th in two daies they should
have it, w ch as a cordiall & restaurative was then given to
sweeten the operation of the rest.

this was seconded by the Secretarie of State the Lo.
Conwey, who reckoninge vp perticulars of the charge, the
same that had beene formerly & afterwards were manie
times repeated, making an immence calculation of y e trea-
sures soe exhausted, wherin, he said, ther wanted some
thirtie or fowrtie thousand pownds to doe the worke, the
officers being difcredited by the sickness, & w th out w ch / the Page 150.
ffleet could not goe out. the warr, he alledgd, was occa-
siond by the Parliament in the counsell w ch they gave for
the dissolution of the treaties, in that consifted the honor
of the kingdome, the saftie of religion, & the generall good
of christendome. if the preparations should dissolve, he
said, the Germans would divide, the ffrench disband, &
revnite them to the Catholicks, the K[ing] of Denmarke
retire & make his peace w th the Emperor, who, w th the
D[uke] of Savoy & the Venetians were drawen by K[ing]

II. D

,g NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

J[ames] into the League, w** difficulties being foreseene,
the K[ing] therfore resorted to his subiects to crave that
help from them, w ch his ancestors in like cases had receavd.
this was the summe of that w ch he deliverd, being but the
abstract of that w ch was to come ; for heer againe were
vs'd those great abilities of S r John Coke, on whom the
weight of that burden was impos'd ; who, though yet noe
publicke minister of the State, & a member of the Commons,
was w th out leave from them, & that never done by anie
man before, in their presenc made a dictator for the
K[ing]. & after some formalitie of seeming to take in-
ftructions at the present, in that w ch he had studied long
Page 151. before, having the honor in the face of that assemblie/ to
be cal'd vp privatlie to the State, & from thenc returning,
as from an Oracle inspir'd w th a new spirit & wisdome, thus
he propounds those sacred reasons he had gather'd for the
occasion of that time, his beginning was at the end of
the Spanish treaties, wherein he shew'd, that the late
K[ing] at the instance of the Parliament, by the coopera-
tion of his ma tie that then was, & the D. of Buckingham
(giving them that coniunction) was drawne to breake w th
Spaine. that he thervpon considering the troubles that
must follow it, ther being no other means but warr for
recoverie of the Pallatinat, & to moderat the greatness of
that K. whose forces then posseft it, &, vnder color of the
Catholicke cause & league, aspir'd to make himself a
Catholicke prince & Monarck. & foreseeing the dangers
of that change, in respect of the qualitie of his people,
through a long peace & quiet become vnapt for warr, at

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 19

least in much want of art & preparation, he prudentlie
dissembled his intentions for a while, that others, by the
disco verie of his purpose, made not advantage thervpon ;
& sufFer'd himself to be entertaind w th mediations &
entreaties, & new propositions to be made him, vntill by
degrees he/ came to that w ch he intended, nothing being Page 152.
omitted in the interim that might settle his affaires, the
Pallatinat he sawe divided by his enemies, & held, de facto t
by their powers, a Dyet likewise cal'd to invest them w th
the right, & to exclude all hope of restitution. In fFrance
he sawe all things in combustion, & the K[ing] ther
inclining to sheath his sword in the bowells of his subiects,
rather then to turne it against others ; & the Low Countries
in great danger & necessitie by the potencie of their ad-
versaries, & the faction of the Arminians, w ch begann to
make an interruption in their goverment, & threatened
them in more, these things weigh 'd, for an encouragment
to the States, he lent them 6000 men, & paie for their
entertaynment for two years. &, to make the more strick't
coniunction w th the ffrench, sought their alliance for his
sonne, & by that match to make the bond inviolable
between them, the German princes & the K[ing] of
Denmarke he sollicited, whose couldness was immoveable
vntill they should see his ma tie in the feild. the charge for
that being cast, what a land armie would require, & the
computation rising to 700,000'' p anfl his ma tie in contem-
plation/ of his people; thought of some thriftier course, & Page 153.
to that end drew a league betweene fFrance, Savoy, Venice,
the low countries, & himself, for the raising of 30000.

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

foot, & 6000. horse, to serve vnder the Command of Count
Mansfeilt, he /being to contribute to that charge but 2OOOO 1 '
a month, this being done, & a preparation likewise of his
ffleet, the K. of Denmarke thervpon comming into the
League promis'd to raise a great armie in those parts, for
w ch the K[ing] alfo was to contribut 3OOOO U amonth.
these things thus setled by K[ing] J[ames] being in pre-
paration, or in act, the fruite wherof is yet shadowed vnder
hope, his ma tie not willing to desert it, being the effect
of the Councell given by Parliament, by Parliament he
desir'd to follow & accomplish it. w ch requiring a more
charge then his treasures will supplie, ther being 4ooooo h
disburst alreadie for the navie, w ch is now vpon the Seas
going towards the Rendezvous at Plimouth, wher ther be
10000 landmen for the action w ch ha's soe great an expec-
tation in the world ; ther wants yet some monie to sup-
plie them, some necessaries for the ships, some provisions
for the men, w th out v^ neither can be serviceable, it is
Page 154. the first fruits/ of our warfare, the primitive of the K.
wherin the hope of our allies, the interests of religion,
the honor of the kingdome are ingag'd, w * 1 shews that
this Parliament was not cald meerlie vpon formalitie after
the accession to the Crowne, but for the consultation of
this business, that as the Parliament did beginne, the Par-
liament might end it. thus spake that oracle, besides he
added that his Ma tie had intelligence of a designe to
trouble Ireland, & an increase of the enemies navie in
the Low Countries, w th a purpose to thrust over part of
their Armies into England : but as noe king was more

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

loving to his subiects, soe his ma tie was confident, that
noe subiects were more loving to their Kpng], & ther-
fore he left it wholie to their choise, whether, by ballancing
the occasions, they should think fitter, vpon the considera-
tion of the time, to let the Action fall, or to give him
more releife. this was the summe of his expression, some-
what more large, but to this sence & purpose. & further
he made this postill vpon that perticular of Mansfeilt in
apologie & excuse, that though it had not answeard the
expectation at the full, yet it had produc'd/ some fruits Page 155.
worthie of that design e, as the putting off of the Dyett in
Germanic, the encouragment of the princes, the comming
of the K. of Denmark into the feild, the attempts of the
ffrench vpon Millaine, the reconciliation of the ffrench
protestants & their K[ing], & the scattering of the
enemies forces in the Low countries, in w ch some things
being more then his last difcourse on the same subiect did
containe, it was thought to be more studied not more true,
nothing either of intelligenc or fact having happened in
that time, to give it other color then his fancie. the rest
being in substance but what he had said before, & a
repetition in effect of his proposition made at London,
had not much obfervation for the matter, though some
passages were more noted, w ch then did open, & give dis-
coverie to the secret, both in the king's discourse & his,
the conclusion was not iudg'd answearable to the premises,
the referring of the action at that time, advanc't to soe
much forwardness, was not conceiv'd agreeable w th the
pretended importanc of the worke, wherin such treasures

NEGOriUM POSrEROR UM.

had beene spent, the calculations that were made argued the
Page 156. necessitie/ of the thing, w^out w ch infinit preparations would
not be, & the equilibria it was left in, made it but adiapho-
rall. the interpretations were various w ch it had, according
to the fancies that they came from, those that were more
charitable did inferr, that, ther being some speciall service
first intended, the opportunitie had prevented it, & soe the
designe was lost, thofe that possest more ielosie did collect,
that a secret reconciliation had beene made ; &, by some
privat treatie & convention, a composition and agreement
of all difference, but all beleev'd the preparation should
be left 5 noe ships nor men to be drawne further in the
imploiment ; & that the studie was how to impute it to
the Parliament, either their counfell or deniall to be an
occasion to dissolve it ; some color onlie sought for the
satisfaction of the world, that what ever did occurr, a cause
might be in readiness, &, if the reason pres't it, a faire ex-
cuse at hand. But the summe mov'd for seem'd a miracle,
w ch had it's confideration after w th the Commons, wher
the treaties & mediations that were spoken of, & that
speaker's act it self came into question & dispute ; & that
Page 157. paralell,/ & coniuncture of cooperation w th the K. was
not, though silenc't, yet forgotten, the next daie was the
entranc to that sceane, the remayne of that being reserv'd
for meditation, when all the members of the Commons
speciallie appointed to attend, having resolvd the overtures
that were made, a Lawier first beginns, as a prologue to
the act, drawing his considerations for the conclusion of
the K[ing]. that the K[ing] having left it indifferentlie

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 23

to their choife (ballancing the importanc of his service, w th
the dangers of the time) whether they would sitt to thinke
of a new supplie, or part and lose the action ; he desir'd
first that ther might be a conferenc w th the Lords to
learne, if they could tell it, whether the confequenc were
such of the preparations then in hand, as it was more in
relation to the kingdome, then the saftie of their lives.
if soe that then he was noe Englishman that would leave
it ; to die refolutlie for their Countrie, having beene the
honor of their nation; if otherwise, that he was noe
frind to England that desir'd it, nor could they, in wis-
dome, give them selves as a sacrifice to their enemies, the
K[ing] he said,/ had gratiouslie refer'd it vnto them, & they, Page 158.
in dutie to the K[ing] ought to resolve it prudentlie. the
greater good must be preferd. fancie & affection must
not governe in such counsells. that the probabilitie
seem'd against sitting at that time, the supplie w ch was de-
manded being too little for their valewes, less then they
should spend, if they continued ther awhile, but the better
to determine it, he wisht ther might be a conferenc w th
the Lords, they had like interest in the sitting, their dan-
gers being equallie involvd, though the supplies were onlie
the proprietie of the Commons ; therfore he mov'd the
house to goe presentlie to them, & soe by a ioynt advise
mutuallie to conclude.

this introduction was not lik't by those that had relation
to the Court, it declining wholie the course of their
affections ; and to that end some obiections it receav'd &
some diversions followd them, it was alledgd to be vnparlia-

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

mentarie & improper, vpon a proposition from the K[ing]
to seeke an interpretation from the Lords, who might be
as ignorant as others, & could not Judge the worth of what
they knew not j nor would discretion soe presume, though
Page 159. it might know a part to fett/an estimat on the whole, it
was mov'd likewise that they should first state the proposi-
tions that were made, & soe by capita debate them : but
that leading into a laborinth & Meander, wher nothing
but confusion could be found, was left, as that expeld the
former, in the roome of w ch another did arise, whose spirit,
once vp, was not soe eafily coniur'd downe. this came
from S r ffrancis Seymor who w to much bouldness, & some
asperitie did deliuer it. Laying it for a ground, vpon that
meeting & assemblie, that ther could be noe other end
therof, then the corrupt purposes of some, to putt a ielosie
& dissention betweene their Soveraigne & his subiects.
the proposition he divided, & soe answear'd, that for monie,
w ch was the first part, as the K[ing] had beene content
w th their first grant at London, if more should then be
given it could not be levied till the spring, when the other
subsidies might be past, & against that time they might
have mett againe. for credit, the second part, w ch might
be pretended by a grant he said, it was an argument to the
difhonor of the K[ing], kings having more in the generall
affection of their subiects, then anie perticullar diclaration/
Page 160. could implie, this making them but entitled to a part, the
other to the whole, what ever his subiects did possess, as ther
was occasion for his service, it were, he said, too great a shew
of wante & povertic in the State, to suppose that small

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 25

summe nam'd, w ch he did blush to thinke of, needed a
parliament to procure it. wher is the ould treasure of the
kingdome, the reputation of the state, that the times of Q.
Elfizabeth] enioy'd, when the least of manie ministers of
hirs, if ther had beene occasion, could, of his owne creditt,
have supplied a greater summe then this ? & when that
famous princes [s] never to be forgotten, having noe wante,
nor vse, onlie in prevention of hir enemies, tooke vp at
once of the ffoulkers then in Germanic almost all the coyne
of christendome ? wher is this credit now ? wher are those
ministers in this age? I doubt their worth & fidelitie is
gone, that they are the men w ch bring this necessitie to
their master ; that they have exhausted thus his trea-
sures, spent his revenewes, & being conscious of these
faults, by the vnnecessarie preparations they have caus'd,
now seeke to color it by some others, &, if they can, to
laie the blame on vs./ wee have been tould of late of a p age
peace in ffrance & a reconciliation for the protestants, but
who knows not the present violenc against them ? & we
may wishe therin that our ships doe not impeach them-
ther were rive subsidies & three fifteenths not long since
given for the QJ^ueen] of Bohemia & that service, but
what has shee beene better'd ? what has beene therw th
done worthie of that intention ? noe enemie is declar'd ; no-
thing has been attempted but the consumption of our selves,
thus he said, vsing besides some generall notes of princes ;
if their happinefs that were councel'd by men of worth
& knowledg, & the contrarie wher they rest vpon confi-
denc of some few, that can but begg, or flatter, vpon w <h

II. E

a6 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

he resum'd againe the memorie of the Q^[ueen] who was
munificent to Ijir servants, but from hir owne stores, not
feeding them on the marrow of hir subiects. & he con-
cluded that he doubted not to see the like greatness in the
K[ing] if he would give them leave to doe somewhat for
the Countrie wherby they might be enabled & encourag'd
to yeeld him seasonable supplie, & for whose service noe

Page 161. dangers could deterr them, this being another/ pitch, & to
another pointe directed then the former, some wisht againe
for that, & in the grave therof this other to be buried, the
courtiers sawe themselves encounter'd in their waie, &
their desire of sitting then purfued, though in affection
vnto them, not to their end & purpose, that charge vpon
the ministers of State, the sallie on their councells, the
paralell of the times, was noe good musicke in their eares,
w th w ch a jj ment j on O f t h e e ld ers had antipathic, & the
glories of that princess were like basalisks in their eyes, that
note of flatterie and begging also was knowne to have re-
flection on the favorits ; & that bouldness gaue suspition
of yet more: to prevent w ch , & the storme was like to
follow it, the chancelor of the Dutchie did stand vp & vs'd
these reasons & perswasions. that if the plate & Jewells of
the K[ing] or the plate & iewells of some others whom
he heard dasht vpon, could have procur'd monie at that
time, they had not mett ther then, things he said were
turn'd fairlie to advantage, making therin an insinuation
for those persons, to whose meritt he imputed it, not
naming anie, but leaving it not doubted whom he meant.

Page 163. when the Parliament did/ advise the dissolution of the

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 27

treaties, he alledgd, a warr was then expected, from w ch
common place he argued the dangers they were in. ffrance
& Spaine vnited, both in allianc & affection, & the Pope
still labouring to endear them ; for the supportation of his
cause, the Germans then broken by the Emperor, the
K[ing] of Denmarke a warie prince vnlikelie to ingage
himself in warr for the benefit of others, yet such was the
conversion of the time, as ffrance & Spaine were seperat.
that two armies were levied by the ffrench & one march 't
into the Valtoline, theother against Genoa, the Germans
revnited. the Dane prepared for warr; all w ch did follow
vpon the declaration of K[ing] J[ames] in the setting
foorth of Mansfeilt, the next daie after the shipping of his
men at Douer the ffrench beginning w th their armies then
to march ; soe as the rest of the English preparations were
expected, ther being presum'd a confidenc vpon that ; & if
that credit should be lost, besides the disadvantage of the
worke, it would be a generall loss to the honor of the
nation, & impeach the reputation & efteeme/ w ch is the p age 164.
sowle & life of everie state & goverment. he vrg'd
againe that the King's ingagement was by them, & that
he vndertooke but the designes w ch they propounded ; &
thervpon he inferd that the Parliament ought not to
recead ; that if the success were ill, other men might be
furnisht w th excuses, & the miffortune imputed to that
house for not supplying necessaries. this he enforc't
further w th an example of those times, or next them, w ch
he said, were soe pretious in their memories, when the E.
of Devonshire, not at his instance or his frinds, was sent

a8 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

deputie into Ireland, & the Spanish armie landing, &
ther ioyning w th the rebells, to the hasard of the king-
dome, wher/m happne'd that difficult siege of Kingsale,
he was still furnish't from the Court, though by his
enemies, w th all things necessarie for that service, &
when it came into the deliberations of the Councell, the
E. of Salifburie then Tresurer by way of protestation
did affirme, that he could not complaine of them ;
nothing had beene wanting of their help, & if ther were
a miscarriage in the action, the blame muft be his/
Page 165. owne. from thenc he drew a perswasion for the like that
they should then accord to make supplie, & soe laie the
burden vpon others, he concluded w th an apothegme,
wherof he was never w th out store, that monie given in that
house might be caft into the Sea, & soe some treasure lost;
but not given, posteritie might rue it, reservation in such
cases being more dangerous then adventure, the witt of
this gentleman alwaies drew the attention of the house,
though his motions seldome relisht it. the observation w ch he
made vpon the E. of devonshire was thought true, though
the application were not proper, & his note, but a fallacie,
for the time, his intelligenc was knowne good in the
passages of that sceane, having been a servant to that E.
bred vnder his command, & w th him in those troubles: but
his relations in other things were doubted, as his vrging of
the ingagment was dislik't, & generallie his intentions had
a preiudice as comming from the Court, yet some
scruples he had raisd by that difcourse & argument, the
desire & expectation of deniall, w ch most men did beleeve,

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 29

seem'd to have a contradiction by his/ waie, pressing soe Page 166.
directlie for supplie, he being noe stranger to the cabanet.
this caus'd a diffraction in some thoughts, that by the
superficies iudg'd the bodie : but those that tooke the de-
mension of all parts, in the depth therof, found another
sence & meaning, w ch was, but to qualifie the ielosie con-
ceav'd & to divert that confideration of the Councells, w ch
he perceavd, having a sharp iudgment & inspection, had
inflam'd the affection of the house, that noe small matter
could allay it ; opposition being like fewell to such fiers, &
therfore he indeavor'd it, by changing that suppos'd state
ot'h cause, that soe, if possible, he might change the order
in proceeding. & to endear this further, another of his
fellow counfellors & officers, the Tresurer of the houfhold,
did second him w th a perticular proposition for two subsi-
dies; but that labor was in vaine, the quarrell being
begunne ; all men were apprehensive of the iniurie, &
manie did express it. soe hard it is, wher publicke wrongs
are done, to keep them from vindication, or complaint,
minions may enioy the favor of their masters, but if they
once abuse it, noe priviledg can protect them, the subiects/
crie will follow them, & if it prevaile not vpon earth, p age 167.
heaven will hear & help them, iustice is provided for their
adverfaries, seldome they scape it heer, neuer heerafter, but
vengeanc does attend them, w ch should make them more
cautious in offending, when the offences done are soe
hardlie left vnpunished. that meeting might have beene
prevented w th much saftie; but being mett, that crime was
thought vnpardonable. he that was the occasion of that

3 o NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

trouble, must have his share therin, & by that means of
more, till the measure of his iniquities was full, & then
vengeance must surprise him like a whirlewind, & noe
favor or greatness may deliver him, but, as his meritt such
must be his reward. But to resume our storie. the pro-
position of those counsellors for supplie had but a could
acceptanc, & the intention w ch it carried to divert the
former motions was wholie reiected & in vaine ; & thus
those motions were pursued in a high straine of eloquenc
by that master of expression S r Robert Phelips, who cast-
ing his notions into a quadripartite division, for method &
order to his speach, in more then wonted gravitie, to raise
Page 168. the expectation of his hearers/ having composed himself,
thus he propounds his sence. ffirst for the meeting (w ch
was the first member of his division) he said it was to him
not inferior to a miracle, ther having beene at London
such satiffaction in their works, as noe servant of the
kings, nor minister of State, (if they must be diftinguish't)
but approved what they had done ; & his ma tie himself,
who was more then thousands others, gave such an ac-
knowledgment therof, as the adiornment was resolv'd, in
counterpoife of that, for the preservation of their healths,
vf ch he did ballanc equallie w th the consideration of his
owne. this having beene the satiffaction of that time,
nothing occurring after for the change or alteration that
was made ; noe new enemie discover'd, nor newe designe
in hand, noe new danger pressing it, how thofe new
councells should be taken, how that should seeme too
little w ch was then thought enough, how that satiffaction

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 31

should be lost, & by that their favor w th his ma tie , noe
reason, he said, could resolve him on that pointe, nothing
but divinitie could iudge. that, it was a strange president
they had mett, when vpon the declaration of his ma tie , &
his acceptance of that guift, moft of their members being
retir'd, & soe few left that they could be hardlie caFd a
house, that then/ a proposition should be made, like a sur- Page 169.
prise of enemies, not as an overture from frinds, who
should deale cleerlie & aboue board, not circumvent the
innocent, not make such requitall of their loves, this, he
observ'd, was the action of that gentleman who, he said, did
that yesterdaie, w ch was never done before ; & for both
deserv'd to render an accompt, for though the danger were
avoided in the former, the attempt was not the less ; & for
the latter, noe reason could excuse it. that those things
were strange, but the adiornment, & that meeting ther farr
more, to have the whole kingdome hurried in such hast for
the will & pleasure of one subiect (for it could not be the
K[ing] should have such mutibilitie in himself) : that that
subiect should presume to tranffer his errors to the Parlia-
ment, that the Parliament should be thought a fitt ffather
for great faults, this, he profest, was beyond all example &
comparison, hardlie the former president of that place
could be a match therin ; the first danger in accession
being less, the proiect & intention not worse, & in respect
therof, it being but iustice to desire it that the success &
issue, for what concern'd/ those ministers, were the same. Page 170.
that therfore he was not of opinion w th those that would
not sitt. that he valued not his saftie w th the saftie & wel-

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

fare of the kingdome. that god having brought them
thither, as Joseph went for Egipt, by that comming, though
vnwisht for, some glorious worke might be. what was not
intended amongst men, providenc & divinitie could in-
duce i they were to act their parts & leaue the success to
god.

this was his expression on that part, the next concern'd
the councells of the kingdome, wherein reflecting vpon
the Spanish laborinth & treaties, he said, that god had made
it a nationall punishment for their sinns. that by that
treaty was induc'd that dangerous iorney of their prince,
led on by the flattering counsells of those servants who
had brought K[ing] J[ames] in love w th the deceiptfull
face of frindship, & betraied him to the netts of those
subtile, foxlike, artificiall faithless people ; as he then termd
the Spaniards, he remembred what was suffered in that
cause, for the opposition made in Parliament 18 of that
171. raigne, when/ he said, their liberties were harased ; their
persons in restraint, of w ch he had borne a share by the ill
influenc of those planets, being tax't for nothing, but
speaking against that match, of w ch difasters being free,
both in the generall & perticular by a cause stranger then
the effect, that iorney into Spaine, w ch begann not to
that end, that three things in the next parliament were
desir'd & promisd, but scarce kept, the first, for preven-
tion in the future, that noe more such treaties might en-
danger them, but the prince to match w th one of his owne
religion, the second, that there might be such respect
vnto our neighbours, as to preserve their safties, who were

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 33

reciprocallie a saftie vnto them, the third, to maintaine

the religion in the kingdome, that the lawes might have

their life, & not delinquents be suffered to affront them.

how those were kept, that, the certaintie was too great.

what were the Spanish articles 'twas knowne, what then

the ffrench 'twas doubted, that papists did still increase,

their priefls & Jesuits grow more bould, little being done

for support of the allies,/ a profest couldness even in Page 172.

all, & by what councells it was soe, both truth & reason

spake, ffor the present state & condition of the people,

w ch was the third branch of his divifion, he deduc'd a de-

monftration from septimo of K[ing] J[ames] & remem-

bred the question of imposing then on foote, & the title

of prerogative therin. how it was then handled in that

house, argued, & debated for the interests of the subiect, &

resolvd to be their right, their inheritanc to be free, & yet

the fact continuinge in preiudice of that libertie. how in

12. itt was resum'd, distributed into parts, & a conference

thervpon intended w th the Lords, soe by a message sought,

but, through the practise of some ministers refus'd, & all

papers after taken w ch had relation to that business, & the

records & bookes, w ch had the evidenc of those liberties,

burnt & consum'd, w th the liberties themselves, as farr as

present power could rule the iudgment of posteritie. Since

w ch time, ther having beene a large bountie of the subiect,

as two subsidies 18. three subsidies & fifteenths given in

the last parliament of K[ing] J[ames] onlie w th a claime for

continuation in that pointe, & the manie/ disputes declin'd ; Page 173.

yet that soe little had that bountij or modestie prevail'd, as

II. F

34 . NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

the effect 9f that greivanc was still on them, &, that w cb
never was before, the tonnage & pondage levied & collected
w th out a graunt from them, as if right were an impertinenc
to States, wher power & force are extant, by w ch ther
had been more pressures on the people w th in the space of
seven years then last past, than, almost, in seven ages next
before it. this, he said, for the subiect, in part might shew
the condition he was in, what abilitie was left him, what
affection he might have, besides from the consideration of
the State, he said, ther came as small encouragment. that
councells were ther monopoliz'd, as the generall liberties
elswher. that the whole wisdome was supposd to be com-
prehended in one man. that he being mafter of the favor,
was likewise mafter of all business, nihil vnquam prisci
b* integrl marts, as Tacitus notes in the declination of the
Romans, sed exuta a* qualitate omnia vnius iussa aspectare.
though ther were manie councellors in name, that few
retaind the dignitie aquales ordinis, magis quam operts, as
Paterculus has it of the like, though their reputation might
Page 174, be somewhat, yet that their/ authoritie was but small, &
their affections asmuch captiv'd as their greatness, this
he did make an argument that god was not their frind.
that by those abuses of favor amongst men, they had lost
the favor of the almightie. that he was become their
enemie, & vnless they had peace w th him, in vaine it was
to thinke of warr w th others, that therfore an inward
preparation must precead, before those outward prepara-
tions could be hopefull, the watchman waking but in vaine
if the Lord watch not w th him. further he said, it was a

NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM. 35

strong argument of the sickness of the State, when the
credit was soe weake, as it was then pretended, that it
could not w th out a parliament take vp 40000'' w ch was a
could perswasion then to give, when such men were soe
neer, who were the causes of it. that though it were im-
possible for the supposition to take place, that the English
shuld leave their K[ing] yet in respect of this great abuse
of Counsells, if anie man made a stand, the blame muft
light on those that had occasiond it, whom, for securitie
in that case, it was therfore fitt, after the examples of ther
ffathers, the parliament/ should indeavorto remove, from Page 175.
thenc he descended to his fourth & last perticular, w ch
was his opinion on the whole, wherin vsing againe some
touches of the former contention in that place though
not approving the diforders but commending the reforma-
tion that was sought for, he concluded for an imitation in
that pointe ; not that he would have them tread soe neer
the heeles of maiestie, yet, not to suffer all things by that
name, as the K[ing] was wrongd in the iniurie of his
subiects, he said, it was their dutie to vindicat them both,
that he would not have them reason of what they vnder-
stood not, whether the ifleet shuld goe or staie, not know-
ing the designe. that the eftate at home, the affaires civill
& domesticke were the proper obiects of their cares : to
settle the goverment of the kingdome, rectifie the disorders,
reforme the grave abuses, heale the difease therof. that
these were their business & for this he would not have
them thinke of parting, but be suitors to his ma tie that he
would giue them time to sitt, in this great service for him,

3 6 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

w ch would affqrd him a more ample aid & credit, then manie
Page 176. subsidies could give ; the/ streames of his revenewes being
cleerd, those scattred beames collected, his exhaust stores
replenisht, the fountaine of his checker fil'd againe, & all
this w 1 * 1 the love & satiffaction of his subiects. this he desir'd
might be the resolution of that house, & for that address
to the K[ing] a Committee to prepare it. this raisd the
difaffection that was movd to a greater heigth & sharp-
ness ; & not onlie the iniurie of that meeting was then
lookt att, but the whole preiudice of the time ; all the
miffortunes that were suffred, both forraigne & domesticke
were imputed to those ministers, who vsurpt that power
of greatness, & by abuse of the favor of their prince drew
all things to their wills, against this prodigious greatness,
w ch like a comet was suspected to threaten great difasters
to the kingdome, the generall intention of. that house
beganne then to be inflam'd, &, neither parting nor supplie
were thought confiderable in the case, but the reformation
that was spoken of, the restauration of the goverment.
to stop w ch streame & currant another of the privie
councilors stood up, S r Richard Weston chancelor of the
Exchecker, who practifd then for others what he must
Page 177. after indeavor for himself, such/ being the fatalitie of great
persons, as example of misfortunes cannot move them, this
man must see in others what were the dangers of exorbi-
tance, how Phaeton rose & fell, wanting a moderation to
containe him, yet honor and ambition must transport him,
let ffortune rule the rest, to the present purpose first
he applied some short answears to that w ch was vrg'd before;

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 37

for religion saying that he doubted not the satisfaction
would be speedie, & noe more fear in that : for the coun-
cells, he excus'd them w th the long time of peace, that had
bred some errors in the State by a dependance vpon treaties,
w ch follow'd the inclination of K[ing] J[ames] & might
then be rectified by their advice vnto that K[ing] : yet in
somethings he said, he might iustifie their works; &
theron mentiond the Leagues that had beene spoken of,
& the effects pretended, w th the advantage vnder hope,
from whenc he pad to positive reasons of his owne, for
that seeming perswasion of supplie. the first was drawne
from the necessity of the worke, the honor of the kingdome,
the restitution of their frinds, the cause of religion being in
it, & the generall good of christendome, all the princes as
he pretended being ingag'd, to hate & love &/ fear at once Page 178.
w th them, who as they warm'd would coole, if they had
their example, the next was from the necessitie of the
K[ing] who by the expences of his ffather, had his chests
emptied, his revenewes all anticipated, his debts great, & for
the supportation of his charge, w ch besides the preparation
then in hand, was not little towards the funerall, Ambas-
sadors & the like, for w ch he was faine to take vp monies
of the citie vpon the pawne and morgage of his lands,
another was taken from the dangers of division if the[y]
should part abruptlie. the K[ing] he said in Spain had
obfervd the preiudice w ch his ffather had therin, how the
homebred ielosies & diftractions, betweene his subjects &
himself had brought him to contempt, w ch he therfore in
his person had the last parliament indeavor'd as a happie

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

starr & planett/by his sweet influenc to compose, as
knowing, that the contrarie cause, must have a like con-
trarie effect ; by w ch parliament came more grace vnto the
people in the happie lawes then past, then at anie time
before ; wherin ther being soe reall a demonstration of his
virtues, he alledgd, that ought then to gaine him trust, as

Page 179. those/ other reasons likewise drawne from the occafion &
necessitie, to prevaile for the supplie. what ever were
after done, he added, that action must be then, that the
affaires abroad were not to be commanded, other things
might staie. the expectation of the world being vpon that
first action of the K[ing] if he loft then his honor, that it
was noe small thing he parted w th , it being the honor also
of the nation, w ch had noe medium betweene their glorie
& their shame, that the fruit of their former labors was
in that, & if they ther should leave it, both that & all their
bounties were in vaine ; & not confirming then the
counfells they had given, beyond that daie ther was noe
place for Councell. soe he concluded, & that other
questions being wav'd that onlie might be spoken to,
wherin he concurr'd w th the proposition of his fellow for
two subsidies & two fifteenths, rather as 'twas thought to
ioyne in some perticular then by inftruction, for the summe.
for it was noted to varie from that speech, w ch was made
before the K[ing]. wherin thirtie or fortie thousand
pounds was talk't of; but this perhaps was but to hasten
the deniall the sooner by enlarging the demande, w ch was

Page i So. confidered in the replies/ that followed, w th that strange
clause of limitation to their councells, wherin less being

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 39

deem'd of prophecie then menace, the dislike it mov'd was
greater then the fear, w ch quickning still the humor that
was stir'd, drew this expression further from that great
ffather of the Lawe S r Edward Coke, who in much
observanc to the house, much respect vnto the cause,
having consulted w th his memorie of the proceedings in like
cases, from the presidents of the Antients made this intro-
duction & beginninge.

that 37 E[dward] 3. when that prudent warlike K[ing]
was in the exaltation of his glorie, & yet the subiects suffred
through the abuses of some ministers, the Commons then
petitiond him to command his Bishops & clergie to praie
for three things, the State & happiness of his ma tie , the
peace & good goverment of the kingdome, & the pre-
servation & continuanc of virtue & love betweene his sub-
iects & himself, w ch they then said, were all hasarded by
his officers & vntill their remove, noe subventions could be
made, this, he show'd, was at that time w th out iniurie or
diftast, & the same reason was for them, in confidence
whereof, he said, he would freelie speake his hart, for the
honor of his soveraigne, not doubting but his goodness
would soe take it. after this preamble/ he made division Page 181.
of the question, reducing it to this, whether they should
then make an addition of supplie, or how otherwise to
give subfistence to his ma tie . to w ch points he addrest his
subsequent difcourse, that being a superstruction on this
building, ffor the first he rendred his opinion, not to
give, because to ingraft subsidies vpon subsidies was not
parliamentarie, & what should be granted them could not

40 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

be collected till the Spring ; nor credit therby given to the
K[ing], the affections of his subiects being beyond all
grants, he added likewise the afflictions of the time, the
interruption of the trade, London being shutt vp the
decay & povertie of the commons, vpon w ch he cited some
examples of foretimes, in pressing their abilities too farr, as
4 R[ichard] 2. &. 3. H[enry] 7. when rebellions did
attend it. & 14 H[enry] 8, when the northerne collectors
were all slaine, & soe fearfull an apprehension rais'd it'h
State, as to satiffie the people, the K[ing] disclaim'd the
fact, tranflating it to his counsellors, the counfellors from
themselves did impute it to the Judges, the Judges to the
Cardinall, w ch shewes the danger they were in, & what
effects may follow too great a load & pressure, all w ch
Page i8z. he said were/ reasons against giving at that time. & soe
alfo he retorted that common argument of necsesitie
against the supplie of that necessitie soe pretended, vsing
therin the diftinction given by Bracton, of the three sorts
& orders of necessitie, affectata, invincibility & improvida.
of w ch he thought the necessitie that was argued, to be
neither affected nor invincible ; but improvident & volun-
tarie, w ch could be noe incouragment to giving, when
those that had spent the former, must be matters of that
store & soe their supplie should be but the ruine of them-
selves, ffor other means of subsistence for the [King] the
second part of the division w ch he made, he laid this
groundworke & position, that subsidies were not proper
for the ordinarie expenc & charge, but the provision was
for that in the ordinarie income & revenew. that Com-

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

mune periculum, commune trahit auxilium, common sup-
port & aid should be for common dangers. Lands and
reveneues were the proper store of princes, that soe was
the inftitution of their goverment, soe had beene the
practise in foretimes. & three things he said were re-
quisit to a K[ing] & for those ther must be a conftant
abilitie in the State, the first, to defend him self against
the/ invasions of his enemies, the second to ayd his con- Page 183.
federats & allies, the third to reward the merits of his
servants, of w ch what wanted at that time, was wanting to
the K[ing]. w ch being ther confest needed noe arguments
to prove it, but a reparation in that pointe, was that worke
w ch would commend them, ffor this, he said, he would
first search the causes, & then propound some remedies, as
his reason should suggest them.

of the causes, in the first place he ranckt the fraud of
officers & servants, inftancing the Cuftomes, of whom one
fFarmer, by a medium of seven years, was knowne to gett
5oooo li p annum, the second was the Spanish League &
treatie, wherin was lost & spent more then arithmaticke
could accompt, wheras from them they had alwaies gott by
warr. the third, the erecting of new offices w th large
flees & the continuanc of some others that were vnneces-
sarie & vnprofitable ; as the Presidentship of yorke &
wales, w ch were a great burden to the K[ing] & noe less
oppression to the subiect, the like wherof was intended for
the west & by an order of Councell soe resolvd 31 H[enry]
8, but declin'd by the wisdome of that/ Countrie, w ch would Page 184.
rest vpon the Common Law of England, fowrthlie,

II. G

4 z NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM.

multiplicitie of offices in one man, who could not serve
them faithfullie, & by that means hindred others from
preferment, whose reward, if they merited, must come
from the revenewes of the Crowne, such places being
possest. fiftlie, the diforders of the houshould, through
the abuse of ministers, who from a shop leapt presentlie
to the greencloth ; for inftances therin naming Cranfeild &
Harvie. fixtlie, excess of pensions & annuities, of w ch
he said, the state had then more charge then the whole
goverment had borne from the Conquest to that time : &
that they grew into a perpetuitie & continuanc by being
bought & sould, as if ther were erected a new market for
such wares, seventhly, portage for monie, ther being
allowd twelve penc a pound out of the revenewes that
were gather' d, wheras that service might be done w th out
the least deduction, eightlie, the grant of ffee farms, &
privie scales, wheras guifts & rewards should confift of
offices & honors, not of the treasures or inher[it]anc of the
Crowne. these he alledg'd, were amongst others, the
Page 185. causes of that want, from whenc he did defcend/ to the
consideration of the remedies, those he distinguisht into
two, removent & promovent, as phisitians vse in medi-
cines, for the removent, he propounded the contraries to
those causes, y e frauds to be corrected, treaties to be left,
vnnecessarie offices retrench't, (citing for that the presi-
dents 19 H[enry] 7. & 22 H[enry] 8. when the like was
done), multiplicitie of offices to be broken, abufes of the
houshould to be rectified by the ould formes & inftitutions,
graunts & annuities resum'd, the sheriffs in each countie to

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 43

bring in the revenews to the exchequer, & largess to be
spar'd till the treasures did abound, as was provided by
the ftatute 9 H[enry] 4. that noe man should begg,
till the K[ing] were out of debt, whenc that clause in
patents (by a speciall provision on the pointe) ex mero motu y
did come in. thefe for the removents he propounded,
ffor the promovent, he added three perticulars. firft the
inclosing of waste grounds, wherby ther might be a large
augmentation to the Crowne, w th an increase & benefitt to
the Kingdome, the K[ing] having 31 forrests, besides parks,
w ch contayne a mass of lands, that then yeelded nothing but
a charge, secondlie, the goverment of Ireland to be recti-
fied/ w ch he said antientlie did bring in 30000'' a year in Pa 8 e l86 -
the daies of E[dward] 3. when silver was but a five groats
an ounce, notw th standing the increase therin, it then beinge
worse then nothing, thirdlie, the king's rents to be im-
prov'd, w ch , he alledg'd, would bear a third part of increase,
& that would be a good addition to the ordinarie of
revenew, w ch ought to bear the ordinarie of expence. that
soe 6 E[dward] 3. that king did vndertake it, soe 50
E[dward] 3. 6 R[ichard] 2. 5 H[enry] 4. I H[enry] 5.
ii H[enry] 6. I E[dward] 4. I H[enry] 7. n H[enry]
8. it was both declar'd & ordained. & that in the roll
27 E[dward] 3. n 9, it was said, that the K[ing] in
fowrteene years warr w th ffrance did not once charge his
subiects because he had good officers, vpon all w ch he
concluded w th a desire to sitt, & mov'd for a committee to
set downe those or such other heads as should be thought
helpfull to that service, w ch would give the beft aid & sub- *

NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM.

fiftenc to the K[ing]. that soe they might be represented
to his ma tie w to a desire for time to treat & handle them
according to the importance of the worke. he had by the
waie vpon the point of improvidenc obferv'd some diforders
in the Admiraltie. the navie he said w ch was the charge

Page 187. O f the Lo[rd] Admirall had not in/ the daies of Q_[ueen]
El[izabeth] danc't a pavine, lying vpon the water, soe
long time in readiness w th out action, that that great place
was not committed in ould time to the trust of soe great
persons : great persons had enioyd places of great title,
but by the wisdome of the elders, men of sufficiencie &
meritt were onlie appointed to such offices.

that tradesmen were matters of the ordinanc till 20
H[enry] 8. & after the nobilitie once possest it, it had
never beene well executed, that the Admiraltie in the
raigne of E[dward] 3. was divided into the South & North,
as being in the iudgment of that prince toomuch for one
command, though then it seem'd both that & manie others
were too little, to w ch notes & arguments made by him,
others by others were then added, as their fancies or
memories did suggest them, that ther was noe ingagment,
as 'twas vrgd. that ther was noe power to ingage the
kingdome but by Act. that if ther had beene an ingag-
ment it was quitt, the last parliament having given fower
hundred thoufand pounds towards it, besides the subsidies
then granted, & yet noe warr proclaim'd, noe enemy
diclar'd. naie further by induction it was argued that ther/

Page 1 8 8. was noe nccessitie, & that drawne from the forme of prepa-
ration, for, it was said, that the land souldiers were all prest

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 45

& at their Rendezvous in May, the marriners in April, the
Victuall & provisions shipt in March, wheroffower months
store was spent w th out moving from the harbors, & the men
soe long vnder paie and entertainment, to a vast expenc &
charge w th out anie service to the K[ing], w ch was not
covenable w th the necessitie then pretended, more being
monthlie wasted then at that time was requir'd. to all w ch ,
except that last, the King's Sollicitor gave an answear, but
that he baulkt, for to denie the argument he could not, the
inferenc being soe cleer, that such vnnecessarie preparations
& expences prov'd rather an excess then a necessitj. to denie
the perticulars that made vp the induction he dar'd not,
their truth being knowne to all men. to grant both the
induction & the inferenc, & in the fact denie it, was as
dangerous as absurd, it supposing a necessitie w th out
reason, & an improvidenc more shamefull then the wante.
this therfore he declin'd, but to the rest replied, making
first a proteftation for himself, that having two capacities,
one as a member of that house, theother as a servant to the
K[ing] he would w th out/ partialitie express himself, not Page 189.
houlding of Cephas or Apollofs] but to the reason of the
case, & in the integritie of his conscienc, as his Judgment
& opinion should direct him. ffor the ingagment, he held
that reallie they were bound, the dissolution of the treaties
being the effect of the declaration of the parliament, & the
warr intended caus'd by the dissolution of the treaties, for
w ch the grant last made was not a fatiffaction but an erneft,
the obligation houlding to the occasfion not to the time,
for the not knowing of the enemie, he said, it was but

46 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

7

want of ceremonie to the act, &, at moft but a dispensa-
tion for the present, not a dissolution of the bond, wherin
he wish't they should be suitors to the K[ing] to remove
that scruple of their ielosie. ffor the houlding of places by
men of noe experienc (acknowledging the person that was
meant, & his relations to him) he desir'd it might not be a
prejudice to the publicke if he had beene in fault ; but that
precedenc might be given to the meritt of the cause & the
generall first preferd, that perticular comming after, ffor
the afflictions of the time, he said, those were the powers
of god, & could not be prevented, nor would they excuse
Page 190. their not resistance of their/ enemies, their enemies, he
said, were arm'd, & if they satt still, theothers would not
be idle, but either in Ireland or elswher make some attempt
vpon them, w ch would putt them to more trouble & more
charge then then was sought for. & some having obiected
the season of the year, that the time was past for the ffleet
to putt to sea, & that the King's estate at home was like a
leaking ship, not [to] be ventur'd further vntill it were
carin'd, he anfweard that the designe was secret, & ther-
fore that the reason was not knowne. & if a leaking ship
were set vpon by enemyes, that all the marriners must not
looke to the stopping of the leake & let the ship be taken,
the greater danger first must be oppos't & look't to : out-
ward attempts are violent, inward difeases bear delay, ther-
fore he concurrd w th the opinion of the Councellors
that it was fitt to give, & that onlie to be the businefs of
that time, but for the quantum he refer'd it to the house,
this was followd by some others of that kinde, & op-

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM. 47

pos'd againe by manie of the contrarie. the ingagment
was still prest, as the maine argument of the Court, & one
infer 'd from thenc, that part of the Pallatinat was pro- .
pounded to be restord/ vpon the treatie, & K[ing] J[ames] Page 191.
did then refuse it, changing the resolution of his course j soe
as if the ingagment were retrencht, the warr intended must
be left, & soe the Palsgrave should have preiudice by their
means, w ch would breed a couldness in their frinds, a con-
fidenc in their enemies, the one by an opinion of vnwil-
lingness, the other of disabilitie in the kingdome. this had
as small authoritie as beleife, it comming from a gentleman
that was seldome fortunat in that place, he was a servant
to the Palsgrave, fecretarie to his QJjueen] & one that had
a faire education, & some hope, in his yonger daies of
studie ; but in his exercise & practise, art had confounded
nature, or time both, that mostlie his affections had preiu-
dice by his reasons, that partie restitution, w ch he spake
of, noe man did credit or beleive, noe such effects to be
emergent from those treaties, w ch toomuch had beene
tried, the point of the ingagment was againe answear'd,
not onlie from the fact but from the intention of the house,
wherin it was remembred that soe carefull they had beene
to avoid that rocke & shelf, as both in the declaration, w ch
preceded, & in the preamble of the Act, that was/ made an Page 192.
explanation of the former, all words & sillables were stroke
out that might carrie an interpretation to that sence.

much time & labor being spent in those arguments &
disputes, & manie more intending still to speake, the house
perceav'd the resolution was not neer, & therfore left the

48 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

further agitation for that time (the daie being farr o'respent)
setling it by an order to be resum'd againe the morrow,
all men difcernd that the violenc would be great, the
Courtiers, being fearfull, grew exasperated for their frinds,
whom they sawe aym'd & pointed at, & did doubt some
neerer touch, the others likewise, by the opposition made
more quicke, in opening their greivances finding still more
greivance. their owne motions warm'd them, & their
affections were inflam'd by reflection on themselves, the
danger of the kingdome, their owne perticular dangers,
hasarded for the pleasure of one man, rais'd their appre-
hension on thefe iniuries, & their resolutions to requite
them, the newtralls were not manie that had exemption
from those passions & shar'd not in that contestation
of affections, some ther were, whom fear, & ignoranc
divided, that stood in expectation of the issue, & w th out
Page 193. reference to the cause/ resolvd to be the victors, but those
were few & not considerable in the question, the truth of
what was vrg'd being most obvious & apparant, those
whom noe privat interests did move, were bent wholie to
complaint ; those whom the Court posseft were as ernest
to decline it. either part in the remainder of that daie
labord the strengthening of their side, infinit was the
practise vs'd w th all men, to sound & gaine them, wherin
the Courtiers did exceed, noe promises or perswasions
were toomuch to make one profelite in that faith, whom
ambition had made corruptible, their offerings did allure,
&, what reason could not, hope did then effect.

this being the preparation of that night, the worke next

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

49

daie beganne w th a remembrance of y e pardon to the Jesuit,
& a calling for the petition in that pointe ; w ch , though it
seem'd an act of aggravation to the Courtiers, was seconded
by another mention of that kinde, that had noe relation to
that worke, but then came accidentalie from the Countrie,
certified as an occurrence of the time, w ch wrought soe
powerfullie on the house, as did foment their ielosie,
increasing/ the difficultie of atonement, & making the Page 194.
conteftation farr more strong, the perticular was this,
some Justices of the peace in Dorfetshire having vpon
suspition or intelligenc, search't a papist's house & ther
found an altar, copes, crucifixes, books, relicks, and other
popish stufFe, & thervpon committed the owner of the
house for refusing to take the oaths according to the Lawe,
a Letter was sent them from the Court, sign'd by the
Secretarie of State, requiring them forthw th to redeliver the
stufFe, w ch they had taken away, & to sett at libertie the
partie. this by those iuftices was certified to their frinds,
they, as they thought it necessarie, did represent it to the
house, w ch , taking it in to the number of their greivances,
though they did not much dispute it, did much revolve it
in the confideration of their thoughts, that at that time,
such countenanc should be given to soe great offenders of
the Law, that the Law must be control'd in the favor of
such persons, & the ministers of Justice, who were faithfull
in their offices, receave an increpation for their duties (for
soe the letter did implie), & that/ wher religion was involved, Page 195.
this also went as an ingredient of the time into the matter
& composition of diftast. though the formall deliberation

II. H

50 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

were refer'd to the Committee that was appointed for the
pardon, in point of remedie & redress, yet the evill was
then resented, and the cause not doubted to be knowne,
w th gave it an influenc into the agitations of that time,
wherin five things were first propounded to be presented
to the K[ing] for religion, to make a countermine in that
against the bouldness & practise of the adversaries, w th out
w' 1 ' thcr could be noe more expected from their enterprises,
then there happened to the Israelits while the accursed
thing was w <h them ; & for this to have the king's answear
that was spoken of vpon their generall petition therin
made, to be rendred in full parliament, that it might be
recorded in both houses to receave the qualitie of a lawe.
secondlie, that if ther were a reall purpose for a warr, the
enemy might be knowne, & some publicke diclaration to
that end. thirdlie, that a grave Counfcll might be setled,
Page 196. to rectifie the diforder of affaires, ffowrthlie,/ that the king's
revenew might be lookt into to stop the leaks in that, &
to restore it to its naturall strength & fulnefs, w th out w ch
they could not be w th out povertie in the crowne, greivanc
& oppression in the goverment. Lastlie, that the doubt
of impositions might be cleer'd & an answear in that pointe,
w th out w dl noc man could faie what trulie was his owne,
& soe not know how to promise or to give. & to prove
the demands soe parliamentarie & noe capitulation w th the
K[ing] the president 22 E[dward] 3. was vouch't, when
like petitions were exhibited vpon less reasons from that
house, the neccssitie therof was likewise prest from the
COnflderation <>( the kingdome, w rh was said to be soe

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 51

weake that w th out some help therin, it could neither
supplie the K[ing] nor yet support it self. Some things
were said in answear vnto those, & some passages of the
former daie were mention'd w 01 some asperitie & sharpness,
wherin one Clarke went on soe farr in favor of the D[uke]
cenforiouslie to tax the exceptions to the Admirall, as in his
speach he term'd them bitter invectives, at w ch being inter-
rupted by a generall exclamation of the house, to preserve/
their wonted gravitie & y e dignitie of their members, he Page 197.
was cried vnto the barr. vpon this he was w th drawne for
the consideration of his punishment, that had not more
expressions then new waies.

manie delivered their opinions, & most different. Some
to have him excluded from that house, others forever to
debarr him. some likewise did propound an imprisonment,
& mulct, & w^ varietie in those, both for the place, and
summe. others, more favorable, inov'd onlie for an
acknowledgment of his fault, & that also w th some differenc;
some would have had it acted at the barr, others but in
his place, & ther wanted not that would have wholie had
him pardon'd, &, perhaps, that scarcelie thought him
faultie : but the receav'd opinion was that w ch divided
betweene these ; not to make the severitie too great least
it might relishe of some spleene, nor yet by lenitie to
impeach the iustice of the house, but that the example
might secure them from the like presumption in the future ;
therfore his censure was, to be committed to the Sariant,
& ther to stand a prisoner during the pleasure of the house.

this being soe resolv'd on, the delinquent was cal'd

52 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

Page 198. in,/ who kneeling at the barr had that sentence ther pro-
nounc't, & soe the Sariant did receave him. this iudgment,
as their whole proceeding in like cases, is observable for
their order, their gravitie is great in all things, this more
punctiallie does express it. for to avoid confusion &
difturbanc on noe occasion, at noe time, is it law full for a
man in one daie to speake to one business above once,
though his opinion altered, though his reason should be
chang'd, more then in suffrage w lh the generall vote at
last, when the question is resolv'd by a single yea, or noe.
noe personall touches are admitted in anie argument or
dispute, noe cavills or exceptions, nor anie member to be
nam'd ; or wher ther is contrarietie & dissent may ther be
mention of the persons but by periphrasis & difcription. all
bitterness is excluded from their dialect, all words of scandall
& aspersion ; noe man may be interrupted in his speech, but
for tranfgression of that rule, or breach of some other order
of the house (as for the intermixing of their business, when
one matter is on foote, to stirr another before the decifion

Page 199. of the former, w ch in noe case is allowable) in all/ other
things, the priviledg houlds throughout ; the business, as
the person, has that freedome to pass quietlie to the end ;
noe disparitie or odds makes a differenc in that course ; he
that does first stand vp, has the first libertie to be heard ;
the meaneft burgess, has asmuch favor as the best knight
or counsellor, all sitting in one capacitie of Commoners, &
in the like relation to their Countries.

if two rise vp at once the Speaker does determine it ; he
that his eye sawe first ha's the precedence given, soe as noe

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 53

distaste or exception can be taken either for the order, or
the speach. I note this the more perticularlie by the way,
for the honor of that house, noe wher more gravitie can
be found then is represented in that Senat. noe court ha's
more civilitie in it self, nor a face of more dignitie towards
strangers, noe wher more equall Justice can be found, nor
yet, perhaps, more wisdome ; but that is out of the con-
sideration of this case, w ch I observ'd onlie for the gravitie
of the house, against w ch that violation being made, that
censure did attend it, the debate wherof prevented the
greater worke in hand w ch for that cause & interruption
was defer'd./ that gentleman being in some neerness to p age 200.
the D[uke] this made him reflect more sensiblie on him-
self, & by his neighbours fire to thinke his house in
danger, all his adherents tould him it was an approach
vpon his saftie. the advise he had was much to indeavor
an accommodation w th the parliament, the errors most
insisted on, were said, to be excusable, if retracted ; that
the disorders of the Navie might be imputed to the officers,
that the wante of Counsell might be satiffied by a free ad-
mission to the Board, the greatest difficultie was con-
ceav'd to rest in religion,. & the ffleet. for the first, the
ielosie being deriv'd from his protection given to Mounta-
gue j for the latter, that it had soe vnnecessarie a preparation
& expence : & yett in both, that ther might be a reconcilia-
tion for himself. Sending the ffleet to sea, & giving others
the Command was propounded as a remedie for the one ;
having these reasons to support it, that the designe could
not be knowne j nor, if ther wanted one, that iudg'd by

54 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

the success ; & the success was answerable but by those
that had the Action, for the other, it was said, that the
Page 201. leaving of Mountague/ to his punishment, & the w til drawing
that protection would be a satiffaction for the present,
w th some publicke declaration in the pointe, & a faire
parting of that meeting : that the danger of the time was
a great cause of the dislike ; that the dislike had vsher'd
in most of those questions that were rais'd, therfore to free
them from that danger, would dissolve the present diffi-
culties & facilitat the waie to a future temper for agreement,
that noe deniall could be look't for in the resolutions of
the parliament, nor counsells for their help, such suspitions
being rais'd. the fHeet must needs goe foorth to color the
preparation, & the returne might yeeld something to
iustifie the worke, at least in excuse & apologie for him-
self, by tranilation of the fault, these & the like counfells
were presented to the D[uke] w ch wrought an inclination
for the inftant that gave his frinds some hope : but those
that were about him gave it an alteration in the cabanet,
soe vnhappie are great persons to be obnoxious to ill
councells, & some by everie aer of flatterie to be move-
Page 201. able,/ not having constancie in themselves : of w ch this
D[uke] was a full character & instance, who, being
vncertaine to his councells, provd vnfaithfull to himself,
he had once determin'd to be guided by his frinds, but his
parasits were more powerfull to distract him from their
principles, w ch then increased his troubles, & after prov'd
his ruine. yet something was chang'd of the forme of
former purposes, he then resolv'd that the ffleet should

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM. 55

be sent forth, & presentlie design'd another generall to

command it ; in the west he was perswaded to make

triall of some arts, & by some overtures from himself to

remove the harbord ielosie ; soe ignorant are such parasits

in the knowledg of great Councells, as what in their

weake iudgments does seeme probable, they thinke feaf-

able w th others, not weighing the manie eyes of Argus

that peirce through their light cobwebs, but, like to conies

having scarce shadow for their ears yet taking all their

bodies to be cover'd ; soe is their whole time vers't in

the corrupt sceane of flatterie, that in the end the[y] act it

on themselves, according to that wisdome 'twas resolv'd

on, that the D[uke] should shoot in person/ some new Page 203.

arrowes. to w ch end was prepar'd (for all things were readie

at his becke) the king's answear to the petition for religion,

& this to be presented by his hands, as the influenc of

his labors, robbing his mafter both of the honor & the

worke. to this purpose, the next morninge a message

was pretended from the K[ing] for a meeting of both

houses. the occasion intimated was some generall

diclarations from his Ma tie , w ch being to be deliver'd by

the D[uke] the Lo. Tresurer, the Lo. Con way, & S r John

Coke, it was desir'd both of the Lords & Commons,

respectivlie in their places, that their members might have

licence for that service, the former exception having beene

an inftruction on that pointe. the place appointed was

chrift church hall, w ch being accepted & leaue given as was

desir'd, all other things were left & everie man addreft

him to the place. Some doubt ther was for forme vpon

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

the message to the Commons, it making mention of both
houses, & in that case the Speaker must have gone, & his
mace beene borne before him, but if it intended the Com-
mittees of the houses, then that ceremonie to be left,

Page 204. wherin a short entercourse being made for ex-/planation in
the pointe, & it being resolvd that the Committees onlie
were intended, in that forme they went to the expectation
of the worke.

The Lo. Keeper made the entrance ; that wheras for-
merlie to the petition for religion his ma tle had given a
gratious answear in the generall, & promised likewise to
make it more perticular, he had then accordinglie performed
it to the fatiffaction of their harts, article by article refolv-
ing it, & that in the antient waie of parliaments to be
recorded in both houses, w ch was to be delivered by the
D[uke], who besides had some other things of speciall im-
portanc in his charge to expedit the business in hand, w ch
were to be propounded from his ma tie . this, he said, he
was by the King's command to intimat, w ch some beleevd
& noe man doubted of the meaninge. that the overture
should be his, & the act appropriat to the D[uke]. all
men did see it ftudied but a redintegration for the other, &
had respect to that w ch was to follow from his mouth, as
a fomentation to an oyntment ; or like to pills that have
some sweetness ouer them to make their reception the/

Page 205. more eafie. but that prologue being past, the D[uke]
then entred w th his part, w ch thus w th more hope then
satiffaction he deliver'd.

My Lords & gentlemen, his Ma tie hath this daie

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 57

laid soe great a charge vpon me, that looking vpon
myne owne weakness, I apprehend the weight of it,
but when I confider that it is fitt for a K[ing]
to deale plainlie w th his people, in that respect it
fall's fitlie on me that have neither rhetoricke nor
art.

In two words I could give y u an answear, that all
y r desires are granted ; but it wilbe fitter for y r satif-
faction to hear the perticulars read of the petition y u
exhibited & then the answears to them,
vpon this, the petition & answear were both read, the
first of w ch as we have formerlie inserted, according to the
proprietie of its place, we will heer also add the other, that
aswell their truth & substanc may be scene, as the vse &
application to that worke, w ch having some obliquitie, de-
tracted from the expectation of the thing, the effects
wherof will heerafter be observable, onlie/ the answear Page 206.
has relation to this place, w ch thus was represented to the
severall remedies propos'd.

to the i. this is well allowed of, & for the better per-

formanc of what is desir'd, letters shalbe
written to the two Archbishops, & from them
letters to goe to all the ordinaries in their
severall provinces to see this done & the
severall ordinaries to give accompt of their
doings heerin to the Archbishops respectivelie,
and they to give accompt to his Ma tie of their
proceedings heerin.

to the 2. this is approved by his ma tle & the chancelor

II. I

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

of each 7 Vniversitie shalbe required to cause
due execution of it.

to the 3. that his ma tle likes it well, soe as it be

applied onlie to such ministers as are peaceable,
orderlie, & conformable to the church-Gover-
ment. ffor pluralities, non-residence, & com-
menda's, theise are now moderated, & the
Archbishop affirmes ther be now noe dispen-
sations for pluralities granted. & for avoyd-
ing nonresidence the Canon in that case pro-
Page 207. vided shalbe dulie/ put in execution, for
Commenda's they shalbe but sparinglie granted
onlie in cases wher the exilitie & smalness of
the Bishopricke requires it. Also his ma tie will
cause that the benefices belonging to him shalbe
well bestowed. & for the better propogating
of religion his ma tie recommends to the house
of parliament that care may be taken & pro-
vision made, that everie parish shall allowe
competent mayntenanc for an able minister.
& that the owners of parsonages impropriat
would allowe to the Vicars, Curats & ministers
in villages & places belonging to their parson-
ages sufficient stipends & allowances for preach-
ing ministers.

to the 4. the lawe in this case shalbe put in execution.

& further ther shalbe letters written to the
Lo. Tresurer, & also to the Lo. Admirall,
that all the ports of the realme & the creekes

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 59

& members therof be straightlie kept, &
strick't searches made to this end, & procla-
mation shalbe to/ recall both the children of Page 208.
noblemen, & the children of anie other men,
& they to returne by a day. Also the main-
tenance of Seminaries or Schollers ther, shalbe
punished according to Lawe.

to the 5. if his Ma tle should finde or be informed of

anie concourse of recusants to the Court, the
Lawe shalbe stricktlie followed, & his ma tie is
pleased that by a proclamation the Brittishe &
Irishe subiects shalbe put in the same case. &,
as his ma tie hath provided in the treatie w th
ffrance, soe his purpose is to keep it, that none
of his subiects shalbe admitted into his service
or the service of his roiall consort the Q [ueen]
that are popish recusants.

to the 6. the Lawe in this case provided shalbe put

in execution, & a proclamation shalbe to the
effect desired ; & that noe man that is iustlie
suspected of poperie shalbe suffered to be
keeper of anie of his ma ties prisons.

to the 7. this is fit to be ordered accordinglie as it is/

praied, & it shalbe soe published by procla- Page 209.
mation.

to the 8. the K[ing] will give order to his learned

councell to consider of the grants, & will doe
accordinglie as is desired.

to the 9. his Ma tie leaves the lawes to their owne

60 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

course, /& will giue order in the pointe of
excommunication as is desired.

to the 10. this his Ma tie thought fit, & will giue order
for it.

to the ii. the lawes & acts of State in this case provided
shalbe followed & put in execution.

to the 12. for this the lawes in force shalbe forth w th
executed.

to the 13. the K[ing] gives assent heervnto, & will
see that observed heerin w ch hath beene com-
manded by him.

to the 14. this shalbe done as is desir'd.

to the 15. it is fit this statute be executed, & the
penaltie shall not be dispensed w" 1 .

to the 1 6. his ma tles cares are & shalbe extended ouer
that kingdome of Ireland, & he will doe all/

Page zio. that a religious K[ing] should doe for reftoring

& establishing of true religion ther.

these ans wears being read the D[uke] went on as followeth.
his Ma tle hath taken well y r putting him in
mynde of these things, & if y u had not prest
it, he would have done it of himselfe. he
doth not this to draw y u on ; but what he
hath done is to discharge his concienc & the
dutie of a sonne to his fFather, who com-
manded him, as by his will, in his death bed,
to shew to the world assoone as he was married,
that he did not marrie the religion but the
person of his Ladie.

NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM. 61

this I am commanded by his Ma tie to deliver
in that pointe.

I am now to give y u an accompt of the
ffleet & the preparation that has beene.

the first time & last I had the honor &
happiness to speake before y u , was, in the
same business. I call it honor & happiness,
because vpon that w ch I said then were
grounded the councells & resolutions that
have made soe marvelous a change/ in all the Page an.
affaires of chriftendome. & that was soe
happie vnto me that I had the honor to be
applauded by y u . now having the same hart
to speake w th , & the same cause to speake in,
before the same persons, I doubt not, but I
have the same success & approbation.

if y u looke vpon the change of affaires as
they are now, from the time that was then y u
will thinke it little less then a miracle, for at
that time the K[ing] of Spaine went con-
quering on, & was sought to by all the world,
he mast'red Germanic, the Pallatinat, & the
Valtoline. the princes of Germanic were
weake ; & not able to refift & by a treatie
he kept all other princes in awe. wheras
now the Valtoline is at libertie, the warr is in
Italic, the K[ing] of Denmarke hath an armie
of 17000 foote, & 6000 horse, & Commis-
sions out to make them 30000. the K[ing]

6^ NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM.

of Sweden diclares himself, the princes of the
vnion take hart, the K[ing] of ffrance is

p age 2I2 . ingag'd m a warr against the K[ing] of/ Spaine,

hath peace w th his subiects, & is ioyned in
a league w th Savoy & Venice, this being the
state of things then & now, I hope to have
from y u the same success of being well con-
struede, w ch then I had : for since that time I
have not had a thought, nor entred into an
action, but what might tend to the advance-
ment of the business, & please y r desires,
but if I should give eare & credit (w ch I doe
not) to rumors, then I might speake w tt some
confusion, fearing not to hould soe good a
place in y r opinion, as then y u gave me,
wherof I shall still have the same ambition &
hope to deserve it. when I consider the
integritie of myne owne sowle & hart to the
K[ing] & State, I receave courage and con-
fidenc, whervpon I make this request, that
y u will beleeve, that if anie amongst y u in dis-
charge of their opinions & conciences say
anie thing that may reflect vpon perticular
persons, that I shalbe the last in the world to
make application of it to my self, being soe

Page *'3- well assured of y r iustice,/ that w th out cause y u

will not fall on him that soe latelie was ap-
proved by y u , & who neuer will doe anie
thing to irritat anie man to have other opinion

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 63

of me, then of a faithfull true harted English-
man. & bicause in a continued speech, I
cannot give y u soe good satiffaction in the
openinge of this business, therfore I will take
this order to make propositions & questions to
my self, & answear them aswell as I can. I
will beginne w th the time when the resolution
was taken for breach of the treaties & allianc,
& give this accompt of myne owne actions.

i . quest. the first question I put to myself, is, by what

councells this great enterprise hath beene
vndertaken & pursued hitherto.

ans. . I answear by the Parliament, & desire the

diclaration may be read that was made 23
marcij 1623 (w ch being done accordinglie by
the Atturnie generall, he thus proceeded)

heer my Lords & gentlemen y u see vpon
councell my Master entred into this businefs
wheny u had given the councell & the means/ to Page
execute it. the next part was to sett on worke,
that w ch was then proposd, the defenc of Eng-
land, the securitie of Ireland, the assifting his
ma ties frinds & allies, the fetting forth of a
roiall Navie, of w ch the first three were forth-
w th vndertaken. & when my master had come
to execute thus much, he looked into his purse
& found himself vnable for the Navie. yet
looking vpon the affaires of chriftendome, found
it to be most necessarie, but that is not all.

64 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

if he should then have nam'd an enemye &
diclar'd a warr, all his marchants goods in
Spaine had beene embargued w ch are since
drawne home, the enemie had beene prepared,
his frinds not readie to assift the Allianc, not soe
easilie drawne in, & soe long a time betweene
the diclaration & the action, as would have
made the world beleeve he intended nothing,
vpon this his ma tie of famous memorie being
at newmarket, wrote to me a letter to London
to this effect, that looking into the affaires of

Page 215. chriftendome he thought fitt/ to haue a roiall

ffleet set foorth ; but w th all he wrote, I have
noe monie in my purse but I would have y u
ingage y r self, y r owne estate & y r frinds to
sett it forwards, by this means I shall seeme
less ingag'd, & other princes, in hope to draw
me on, will the sooner come in themselves,
heervpon [I] went to it w th alacritie, &
knowing that all I have I had from him, I could
doe noe less, & held it a happiness that I could
once say to the K[ing] S r y u may [have] all
that y u gaue floating in y r service, thenlconfer'd
w th the Councell of warr, the Lo. Conway, Lo.
Grandison, Lo. Chichester, Lo. Carew, Lo.
Brooke, Lo. Harvie, S r Robert Mansell, & S r
John Coke & Captaine Low were then pre-
sent, we first talked of the warr, & then
of the means. I neuer spake almost of the

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 65

business but w th them. I never came to Lon-
don but I mett w th them, I went to them, or
they did me the honor to come to me. I never .
thought of alteration, nor resolv'd of anie thing
but in their companie. when I saw all the
materialls readie, ships, ordinanc,/ victuall, all Page 216.
prepar'd, then for the proportions, & the times
& levies, it was thought fit to communicat
this to the Lords of the Councell, bicause the
levies could not be but by them, whervpon
I addrest my self to his Ma tie & praied him to
refer it to the Lords. I made the accompt to
them w th w ch they were all satiffied, & said
that if this were put in execution it would doe
well. & they were pleas'd to give some attri-
butes to it. about this time his ma tie sent me
into fFrance. I intreated his ma tle to have a
care of the business, that it might be follow'd
according to the direction agreed vpon at the
Councell table, & the Lo. Tresurer, Lo.
Chamberlaine, Lo. Conway, Lo. Brooke were
named Committees to see it perform'd.

this I thought fit to tell y u that I might
shew y u what great councell this bufiness was
carried w th , & I haue not made anie other step
in it, then what I hav[e] tould y u ./

2. quest. the second question, is whither those ex- Page 417.

pences computed for this business at 4OOOOO 11 .
wherof 300000' '. is alreadie disburst. 4OOOO 11 .

II. K

66 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

more presentlie to be paid & 6oooo u at the
returne of the ifleet, have beene bestowed in
that frugall manner as is fit or noe.

ans. I answear all was manag'd by the proper

officers. I laid out monie of myne owne &
borrowed of my frinds ; but I made it to
runne the proper waie, as if it had come out
of the Exchequer (to w ch S r John Coke
ecchoed, that 44OOO 11 his grace had disburst of
his owne & 5oooo u more he had borrowed of a
frinde).

3. quest. whither yet ther be a considerable summe

wanting to set out the ffleet, w th out w ch it can-
not goe to Sea, & whither this ffleet was ever
intended to goe foorth or noe.

ans. I answear to set out this ffleet 40000'' is

wanting, my master hath anticipated all his
revenews, pawnd his lands, & would have pawnd

Page 218. his plate if it would have/ beene accepted ; soe

that his Ma tie must lie in miserie vnless some
course be taken for his supplie. & for the
second part whither it were intended the
ffleet should goe forth or noe, I know not
what pollicie my master should have to set out
a ffleet w th the charge of 4OOOOO 1 '. to amuse
the world, & lessen his people, & to putt y u to
much hasard. what should my master gaine ?
would he doe an act never to meet w th y u
againe? certainlie he would never have imploied

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 67

soe great a summe of monie, but that he sawe
the necessitie of the affaires of christendome
require it. & it was done w th an intention
to sett it out w th all the speed that might
bee.

4. quest. why was not this wante of monie foreseene

in the first proiect of this whole service, but
comes to be thought vpon soe vnexpected
& dangerouslie, considering the business; at
least why not before the last adiornment,
wherbythis meeting is drawne at soe vnseason-
able a time.

ans. I answear, this was foreseene, but inter-

rupted/ byvnfortunat accidents; as the death of Page 219.
my gratious master of famous memorie; then
the funerall w ch for decencie could not be more
hastned ; then the iorney into ffrance & the mar-
riage, w ch made more delaies then were ex-
pected yet necessarie. Since the parliament
was cal'd y u haue heard his Ma ties declaration
that ther was no more time for Councells but
for resolution. & when his ma tle vnderstood
how lovinglie y u had given those two subsidies,
he conceav'd they had beene onlie as a present
for his welcome to the Crowne, & did resolve
when they should be presented vnto him, as
he thought the manner was, at the same time
to relate the business more at large, as after-
wards he did by S r John Coke.

68 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

5. queft. who gave that councell to meet againe when

the sickness was soe dangerouslie dispers't.
ans. I answear, his ma tie commanded me to tell

y u , the business it self, & the necessitie of that

Page zzo. gave that councell. els he [would] not/ have

hasarded y r persons, nor the saftie of the king-
dome by dispersing of the plague : if he had
beene able to set it forth w th out y r help, he
would have done it, & trust vpon y u for supplie
afterwards.

but admitt a fault hath beene made, why
should the State, the action, the affaires of
christendome suffer for it ? if it be for my
master's honor, w ch is now budding, y r owne
good & the kingdomes, why should a per-
ticular man's miftaking, cause it to miscarie ?
I hope y r wisdomes will soe farr peirce
through it, as to set it forward.

6. quest. why should not the king's owne estate

help this business ?

ans. Judge whither it hath or noe : seeing y u

gaue soe largelie before, he chose rather to
laie out of his owne estate, then to press y u ;
& whither ther be not cause to be assured
that he will doe more when it shalbe in his
power, since he hath alreadie done fomuch.

7. quest. but is not the time of the year too farr/
Pa e > spent for the Navie to goe foorth ?

ans. my Mastere answeard, better the ffleet goe

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 69

out & perish half, then now not goe : for it
would shew want of Councell & experienc in
the designe, wante of courage in the execution,
& would argue weakness & beggerie of the
kingdome, as not able to goe through w th
such a designe. the ends proposd were three,
the time yet seasonable for all, w ch I would
manifest if it were fit topublishe the designes,
w ch I thinke none of y u in y r wisdomes desire
to know.

8. quest. whither the eight ships sent to the K[ing]

of ffrance, were set out at the charge of the
K[ing] or of the subsidie monie, & were to
be imploied against the Rochellors.

ans. I answear for the first, it was at the charge

of the ffrench K[ing] & for theother it is not
at all times fit for kings to give accompt of
their councells : but this y u may know, w ch
I assure y u , that they are not, & y u may iudge
of that perticular by the event.

9. quest. y u will say I was y r servant to breake the/

Spanish match, but have done as ill in making Page ^^^.
the ffrench w th worse conditions.

ans. to that I say the contrarie is manifested by

the king's answear to y r petition, w ch he hath
done w th out breaking anie publicke faith.

10. quest. yea but I serv'd y u in the breach of the

Spanish treatie for perticular spleene & hate
of myne owne to Count Olivoro's.

7 o NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

ans. noe cause had I to hate OLivaro's, who

made me more happie then all the world be-
side : for I had out of his hand papers w ch
could not otherwise be obtained, by w ch I
gain'd a nation. I am not vindicative, nor
wilbe an instrument to doe anie thing by ill
means, his intention was to serve his master,
but by indirect means. I cann forgive my
enemies. I will leaue that business a sleep,
w ch if it be wakned will prove a lion to devour
him that was the author of it. I meane one of
myne owne nation who did cooperate w th him.

II. quest. but hitherto ther ha's beene nothing spoken
Page 2x3. but of immense charge w ch the kingdome/ is

not able to bear, if it should continue.

firft the K[ing] of Denmarke 30000" a
month, Manffeilt's armie 2OOOO U . the regi-
ments in the Lowe Countries 8ooo u .
Ireland 20OO 11 . besides twelve ships preparing
to second the ffleet.

ans. ffbr this I say make my master cheife of

the warr, & by that y u shall give his allies
better assiftanc then if y u gaue him looooo 11 .
a month, what is it for his allies to scratch
w th the K[ing] of Spaine, to winne a battaile
to daie, & to lose one tomorrow, & to get, or
lose a towne by snatches, but to goe w* a
conquest by land, the K[ing] of Spaine is soe
strong it is impossible to doe : but let my

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 7 i

master be cheife of the warr & make a
diversion by sea, the enemie spends the more,
he must draw from other places, & soe y u
give to them, by this kinde of warr y u send
noe coyne out of the kingdome, that w ch
comes from the subiect is disburst at home, &
what cometh out in provisions will returne
againe in better commodities, & soe the
realme not impoverisht but enrich't.

12. quest. yea but wher is the enemie ?/

ans. make the ifleet readie to goe, my master p ag e 224.

gave me command to bid y u name the enemie
y r selves, put the sword into his hands, & he
will mayntaine the warr.

make an entrance & afterward it wilbe
defraied w th profit, when y u have diclar'd
whom y u will have for y r enemie, demand
letters of Mart, none shalbe denied; & I have
not beene soe idle, but I shall make proposi-
tions wher y r selves may venture to goe &
have the honie of the business.

Lastlie my master commands me to praie
y u to have regard of y r owne healths, & of
the season, if y u lose time y r monie cannot
purchase it. if in this report my weakness
hath iniur'd the businefs, the K[ing], the
State, the affaires of christendome, I crave
pardon for my intentions were good,
after this follow'd the conclusion of the Tresurer, who

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM.

Page 225.

y e estate at
y e death of K.J.

debts.

Page 226.

anticipations.

by infinit calculations & accompts was to confound the
intelligenc of his hearers, his memorie gave but little,
but his papers spake the rest, both w ch in this manner he
presented.

my Lords & gentlemen, I am to make y u / a declara-
tion of the king's estate, w ch I cannot doe soe per-
fectlie as I would, being sodenlie cal'd vnto it by the
K[ing] in a remote place, wher I wante my books,
and manie things are now out of my memorie. what
I have to say I will divide into three parts, in the
first I will shew in what estate the king's revenew
was left by his ffather. secondlie, in what estate his
now stands, thirdlie, in what estate he is like to be
for the future, vnder the first head, I will diclare
his debts, his anticipations, his ingagements.

ffor the firft, the late K[ing] of famous memorie
was indebted to the citie of London & others, for
part of w ch the great scale was ingag'd, & for the reft
the bonds of Lords of the Councell w ch remayne for-
feited, the summe (besides interest) of I2OOOO U .

to the wardrobe & other poore men in crying

debts at least 4OOOO 1

to the K[ing] of Denmarke 75000'

arrears of pensions & other paiments soe great a
masse as I will not mention, & lastlie to the/ hous-
hould a good summe but the certaintie I doe not
remember.

ther was taken vp of his customes and revenewes
before hand at least 50000''.

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 73

To the Low Countries for the maintenanc of ingagments.

6000 foote

to Count Manffeilt for the maintenanc of

I 200O

to rigg, victuall, man, & furnish this great navie,
the like wherof England hath not set forth in man's
memorie

all w ch ingagments were vndertaken aswell for
the defenc & saftie of the realme, as for the common
cause of religion.

thus was the revenew left ; & now for the y e estate in
present state, I am to note two things, his Ma ties owne p
debts, & his difbursments.

& heer y u must remember to his ffather's debts,
anticipations, & ingagments, to add these likewife of
his owne.

the first when he was prince, w ch he borrowed vpon debts as prince,
securitie of the Councell for this Navie 2OOOO 11 . for
Count Manffeilt 2OOOO 11 . & for other publick services
somuch as in the/ whole is yoooo 1 ' Page 227.

the other debt to be added is borrowed since he was debt since.
K[ing], of the Citie of London to paie the K[ing] of
Denrnarke for other services, being 6oooo h .

to the K[ing] of Denmarke for entertaynment of disburfm"
6000 foote, & 1000 horse, monthly 3OOOO 11 .

for the armes of those companies i6ooo h .

for the fouldiers at Plimouth & Hull 1 6ooo h .

for the mourning clothes & funeralls I2OOO 11 .

more to be paid for the mournings &c i6ooo u .

II. L

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

y* estate in
expectanc.

Page 2z8.
debt.

anticipation.

mgagnv

the charge of/the marriage w th the enter- \
taynments & gifts of honor to Ambassa- >4OOOO U .
dors__ J

to the Q_[ueen] for hir expences.

.5000'

IO000 1

to the Q_[ueen] of Bohemia for the last }
half year J

to the furnishing of the Navie 300OOO 11 .

more wanting for the navie presentlie 4.oooo h .

more against the returne 6ooooo u .

Now for the third part, w ch is the ftate wherin the
K[ing] is like to stand for the future, he remaynes
charg'd w th all the ould & new/ debts, & w th full
interest for the time before midfomer, & since accord-
ing to the statute.

he hath anticipated vpon the Cuftomes & revenew
to be due for the year ensuinge. (soe as we are in
question how to mayntaine him bred & meat) the
summe of 2Ooooo li .

he ^tands ingaged to the K[ing] of Denmarke
monthlie for 3OOOO 11 .

to Count Manffeilt monthlie 20000''.

for the supplie of Ireland monthly 2600''.

for the regiments in the Low Countries I

to the Qjueen] for her diet yearlie

to the Q^[ueen] of Bohemia yearly

_37ooo u .

200OO U .

besides other preparations for defenc of England &
Ireland, & for seconding the ffleet.

divers other things being omitted, of w ch some
were before my time, wherw th I am not acquainted,

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM. 75

some since ; bicause they are not perfected ; nor are
the totalls of these caft vp, bicause the summe in
some perticulars are wanting, & I confess my self noe
good auditor, & having noe hand to help me, I
must desire to be excus'd./

this sceane, thus acted & concluded, the meeting did Page zz 9 .
dissolve. & the report therof, out of their papers, w ch
were delivered to that end, being made readilie to the
houses, amongst the Commons, wher they came onlie to
be treated of, some motions presentlie started vp in favor
of suppHe, thinking those overtures had captiv'd all mens
iudgments, & leveld them to the pleasure of the Court,
the Tresurer of the King's houshould first beganne drawing
his swasorie from the answear in religion, others did
follow in like haste to purchase some credit by devotion,
amongst whom a lawier, one Mallet did appeer reasoning
by presidents against presidents : (for in all the disputes
before it being a pinching argument in pointe against the
proposition for supplie, that it was vnparliamentarie & vn-
presidented in one session to enact seuerall grants of sub-
sidies ; therfore he replied) that presidents were at the
discretion of all times, that the bill of tonnage & pondage
was then limited for a year, w ch divers ages past had beene
constantlie for life, that that grant likewise w cb begann it
first for life, was a varying from the elders, that were
limitted, & that diverslie from thenc he infer'd the change
& alteration of all times, & that the president of one was
not the practise of another, therfore in that case alfo, he
perswaded, to vse the like libertie as their ffathers. w ch I

7 6 NEGOTIUM POSTERORVM.

observe the sooner for the qualitie of the man, that he
Page 230. whose/ profession was the Lawe, & on w ch ground he built
all the good hopes he had, should argue against presidents,
w ch are the tables of the Lawe, & soe vnlawlike terme
everie act a president, making noe differenc betweene
examples & their rules, but the acceptation was according
to the worke; &, as that reason was improper for that
man, that time was thought improper for that businefs,
w ch being of great importance, requird greater deliberation
& advise, & therfore, those motions being neglected, the
debate was then putt off, vpon more mature conceptions
to be resum'd next day.

In the meane time those passages were revolv'd that had
beene delivered at the meeting, & divers were the appre-
hensions w ch did follow them, that the Lo : Keeper, the
prime officer of the kingdome should be made subservient
to the D[uke] (for soe the act imported, being but an
vsher to his businefs) was thought preposterous & inverted,
that the king's name must be a servant to his ends, vnder
color of some declaration from his Ma tle , to exhibit an
apologie for himself, seem'd as a kinde of wonder, that
the whole parliament should be made attendant vpon him,
Page 231. was not w th out a strangenefs, the like/ having seldome beene
before. But above all portentous it was thought, that re-
ligion should be descended to his vse, & that w ch admits
noe equall or compeer to troope vp w th the rable of his
followers, this was thought much in him soe to assume
& take it, but more in those that made that concession to
his power, what ever might be promis'd in the words, this

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 77

act of deliverie did impeach it, & much of the hope & ex-
pectation in that pointe, this forme & circumstanc did
obliterat.

besides divers exceptions were emergent, some in the
matter, some in the forme of his difcourse. many things
of arroganc were observ'd, as in the narrative w ch he made
of that great change in chriftendome, vsurping that worke
vnto himselfe, w ch time & providenc had effected, turning
fortuities into glorie ; those things, or most of them having
noe relation to his proiects but in the concurrenc of the
time : the ffrench preparations moving on other reasons of
their owne that embroild them w th the Spaniar'd : & the
Duke of Savoy & Venetian ioyning w th them for their
owne interests & safties, whose worke it was & that in
contemplation of themselves, by w ch the Valtoline was set
at libertie./

if the K[ing] of Denmarke did declare, or Sweden, who Page 232.
was then scarcelie heard of (soe envious was time vnto the
honor of that person, whom ffortune & virtue had reserved
for the wonder of the world) yet it was knowne to be in
affection to the Palsgrave, though at the instance of his
frinds, not induc'd by him, or anie opinion of his meritt,
w ch mov'd as little w th the other German princes, againe,
that expression, wher he spake of Olivaro's, that by him he
had gain'd a nation, was soe boafting & thrasonicall, that
it seem'd most ridiculous, as if nations, had beene the game
& plaie of favorits, who wonne or lost them after their for-
tunes or their skills, the mention likewise of his owne
approbations & applauses, was thought soe neer self flat-

7 g NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM.

terie, as it drown'd the reputation of that truth, besides,
manie insolencies were obvious, that had as ill acceptanc,
as that in the end of his narration, wher he summ'd vp the
whole business of that meeting, pretended to be a diclara-
tion from the K[ing] & he ther calling it an accompt of
his owne actions. & that other above all, stating the
preparations at his going into ffrance, wher he made, as

Page 233. 'twere, the K[ing]/ his deputie in his absence to [super]-
intend the progress of that worke. & that perticular in his
answear vpon his tenth question & hypothesis intimated for
his enemye at home, that he could prove a lyon to devour
him, all w ch seem'd too insolent & presuming ; & that as
rash & indifcreet on the fowrth question, wher he rancks
the marriage of the Q_[ueen] w 111 those he stiles the vn-
fortunat accidents of that time. & manie things were
iudg'd imperfect in his answears, by w ch manie scruples
more were rais'd, then that indeavor had resolv'd : but
speciallie, in y e point of Councell for that meeting, soe
little satiffaction was conceav'd, as the wound became the
tenderer for that rubbing, & that search made the orifice
more wide, for an aggravation vnto this vpon privat dif-
gusts amongst the Courtiers, the secret was let out of the
consultation thervpon, & how the Keeper w th some others,
when the proposition for the adiornment was first made,
being but the daie before it was, had w th much violenc op-
pos'd it to the K[ing], w th reasons both of honor & profit
to perswade him, & yet were therin master'd by the

Page 234. D[uke], who, like a torrent at resistance, did/ forthw th
swell against them, & threatend w th his weight their ruine

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 79

for that service, this being then diffus'd & credited, as
'twas truth, cast noe small preiudice both on his person &
his acts, that also then begann to be fomented by those
opposits, who, for the preservation of themselves, studied
his subversion, both could not stand togeather, but they
must doe or suffer, & the after game is not pleasant in the
Court, these therfore did infuse into the humor that was
stir'd what gall & vineger they might, & by their privat
instruments blowing the coales then kindled, added also
more fewell to the fier.

In this state comes the debate to be resum'd, according
to the order of the Commons, when to prevent the worst,
& ther was reason good to doubt it, a new message was
delivered from the K[ing], but, being thought an art onlie
of diversion for that worke, wanted the effect it look't for,
nor was it after in their arguments distinguish! from the
former, but both had one ioynt consideration & dispute,
the message was brought by S r Richard Weston Chancelor
of the Exchequer, & to this purpose, that the K[ing]
taking knowledg of their/ desires to reforme manie things Page 235.
for his service, was well pleas'd in the intention ; but de-
sir'd them to take into consideration that that time was
onlie fit for such matters as were of present necessitie &
dispatch, that the ffleet staid their resolution, &, though
the season were not past, yet it was much spent, that if
the plague should fall into the navie, or the armie, the action
were lost, that if it should fall amongst themselves it
would breed much danger to the kingdome. therfore he
desir'd they would presentlie resolue whether vpon those

8o NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

reasons somuch importing his honor they would supplie his
necessitie for the setting forth of the ifleet : otherwise that
he would take more care for their safties then they them-
selves, & would doe as he might in such an extremitie.
But if they would give him a present dispatch for the sup-
plie, that he promifed in the word of a K[ing] that they
should meet againe in winter, & staie togeather till those
things might be brought to maturitie, w ch were then in
conception ; & that he would then doe whatsoeuer be-
longd to a good & gratious K[ing], desiring them to re-
Page 236. member that it was his firft request that/ euer he made to
them.

this message was seconded, w th out anie interim of con-
sideration first admitted, by a long composed oration of the
Master of the wards, S r Robert Nanton, who, in his
former times having beene publicke orator for that place,
the Vniversitie, thought it his dutie then to render some
demonstrations of his skill, but found that the could
rhetoricke of the Schools was not that moving eloquenc
w ch does affect a parliament, his labor was more then
his success, &, after much indeavor his worke return'd in
vaine. passing a long preamble, he first spake of the man-
ner of the gift, & then made his perswasions for their
giving, w ch he perchance intended for a figure, others con-
ceav'd to be irregular & preposterous, for the manner he
propounded readiness & freeness, qualities as he said, that
would be a doubling to the guift, endear the curtesie,
heighten the obligation & their thanks, vsing that sentenc
for a kindness gott w th difficultie, satis esse si tali beneficio

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM. 81

ignoscas. for the guift he vrg'd divers topicks to induce
it ; the honor of the K[ing], the reputation of the king-
dome, defence of their allies, support of the Vnion, preser-/
vation of religion, the safties of his Ma tie , the nobilitie, & Page 237.
themselves, w ch , he concluded, if they prevail'd not in that
case, must be esteem'd a prodigious signe & omen, of some
great iudgment neer at hand, this was follow'd by some
others who had the same meaning, & like reasons ; & one
in sifted vpon the expressions of the Admirall, w ch the rest
forbore co mention, saying that he had prov'd himself then
capable of that place, deserving of the rest, being soe well
diclar'd a Logitian, a rhetoritian, & a charitable man, w ch
should abate the ielosies that were had, & therfor they
should give, another argued from a supposition of invasion,
in w ch case all would give, & infer'd thenc, that the con-
trarie being ment, the reason of contraries should perswade
them, fuch was the logicke of the Court, but those
sophistries & sophisters, if they were worthy of that name,
were not somuch answear'd as confounded by the argu-
ments & obiections on the contrarie. wherin was alledg'd
that when formerlie they had given they had hopes & ex-
pectations for the Countrie, then ther was nothing but
discouragments, pardons to Jesuits, protection given to
papists,/ exinanition of the lawes, increpation of good Page 238.
ministers, interruptions of the trade, losses & spoiles by
pi rats, & though complaints were often made, & means for
remedie at hand, yet noe releife was gotten, nor succor
could be had. that the present newes from Rochell, w dl
they had alwaies aided, what ever was pretended, was that

II. M

82 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

their ships were intended against them, & their owne
armes to be turn'd against their frinds. that wheras last
they went w th praier & fasting to their Countries, then
they might take vp sackcloth & ashes in their iorney.
that the greivances were great w ch the whole kingdome
suffer'd, & if they gave an addition of supplie that would
make them greater, these & their like posseft the iudg-
ment of the house, against the arguments made for giving.
the scope likewise of the message was conceav'd, pressing
the resolution to that straight, but to prevent the con-
siderations of the State, & by a deniall of supplie to color
the dissolution of the parliament, this was difcern'd &
knowne, & against this the counterworke did trench, to
shew the necessities of the kingdome, & the ill councells
for that meeting, yet not to denie to give, wherin the first
mayne overture that was made came from S r Robert Philips,
Page 239. who both did answear the/ arguments that were made, &
oppos'd them w th new reasons.

the arguments for giving he reduc'd to the heads of
honor & necessitie, & for the first, he said, that the honor
of a K[ing] stood not in acts of will, but on designes that
were grounded by advise, & a constant application of good
councells, that what euer did succeed the iudgment & direc-
tion might seeme good.

fFor the necessitie, he alledg'd, that it was the common
argument in parliaments, & their experienc had inform'd
them, that that necessitie had beene formerlie but for the
satiffaction of the Courtiers.

that if it were reall then, yet that it was but occasion'd by

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 83

their means ; their luxuries & excesses had wasted first the
treasures, & then expos'd the honor of the K[ing]. rfrom
ttyenc he descended to note some presidents of ould times,
some of their owne, some out of other nations, at home,
he observed, in the daies of H[enry] 3. that a supplie de-
manded was refus'd, vntill ther were a confirmation of
their liberties, in the raigne of H[enry] 6. likewise,
when the D[uke] of Suffolke did ingross the favor of the
K[ing] assum'd the goverment to himself, dispos'd of
honors, alien'd the crowne lands, & alone treated a marriage
for that K[ing] the like refuse was made, till he that before
had had the applause of parliament, then/ receav'd their Page 240.
censure ; & when that pointe of reformation was beganne,
a supplie did forthw th follow it. the like, he said, had
beene abroad, & that all times, all States almost, could
witness it. that in fFrance when the black prince had taken
the ffrench K[ing] prisoner, the estates being then con-
vented, & the Dolphine demanding a releife for redemption
of his fFather, the greivances of the people were exhibited,
& delaie being made in them, the assiftanc was 'denied
vntill he did complie for the satiffaction of the parliament,
that in Spaine likewise, when for the warr against the
Moors a parliament was assembled at Toledo, & an ayd
demanded for that service, the Conde de Laro did stand
vp, & disswaded a contribution in that case till the burdens
of the people were releas'd, w ch accordinglie was insifted
on, & that not held, w th that supercilious state & nation, a
breach of faith or dutie. that England was the last
Monarchic that yet retain'd hir liberties, let them not

8 4 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

perish now, let not posteritie complaine that we have done
for them worse then our ffathers did for vs. their presi-
dents are the safest steps we tread in. Let vs not now
forsake them, least their fortunes forsake vs. wisdome &
councell made them happie, & the like causes will have the
Page 241. like effects, thus spake that gentleman/ & concluded not
to denie to give, but to prepare an answear to the K[ing]
w th a remonstranc of their reasons for the worke of refor-
mation, moving for a Committee to prepare it, & S r Robert
Mansell, one of the Counsellors of warr, & a member of
that house, to be ther commanded to render his knowledg
for the action, whither it did proceed by good deliberation
& advise, worthie the honor of the State, & such as had
beene pretended.

this made a levell to the way, & shew'd the end was
aym'd at, w ch the Courtiers againe indeavor'd to divert, &
to that purpose the chancelor of the Dutchie did replie
vpon that w ch he thought y e moft prevailing argument, &
having prest his whole faculties to that service, thus in
much art delivers them.

Let noe man dispise the presidents of antiquitie ;
noe man adore them, though they are venerable yet
they are noe gods, examples are strong arguments,
being proper, but times alter, & w th them, oft, their
reasons, everie parliament, as each man, must be
wise w th his owne wisdome, not his ffathers. a
dramme of present wisdome is more pretious then
Page 242. . mountaines of that w ch was practis'd/ in ould times,

men of good affections have beene knowne to give

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 85

ill counsells. soe they may now if nothing but ex-
amples doe perswade them, if we goe this way I
must say, as the children of the prophets, mors est in
oik.

were all our enemies heer, & had their voice in this
assemblie, would they not say, not give ? Let vs not
therfore be guided by their rules ; but, leaving other
things of difficultie, yeeld to the king's request, & at
this time give, bicause if we give not now, we cannot
give again e.

this being soe pressing & patheticall, mov'd more in
apprehension then in iudgment. some did conceave a fear
from that prophecie w ch he made, & from his close, mea-
suring his words by his intelligent

but the esteeme of presidents did remayne, w th those that
knew the true value of antiquitie ; wherof a larger collec-
tion was in store to direct the resolution in that case, w ch
thus contain'd both reason & authoritie.

While those remain'd in the service of K[ing]
J[ames] who were bred by Q_[ueen] Elizabeth] &
traind in the goverment of that time, the crowne/
debts were not great, grants & commissions less com- Page 243.
plain'd of, trade florish't, pensions more few, & all
things of moment carried by publicke councell, that,
though ther wanted something of the former, yet ther
was much more happiness then at this time, noe
honors, noe iudiciall places set to sale, laws executed
against preists, papists restrain'd & punish't, their re-
sort to Ambassadors debar'd by his Ma ties direction to

86 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

I
his minifters & by his penne diclaring his dislike of

that profession, noe vast expences then in fruitless
embassies & treaties, nor anie tranfcendent power to
be master of all business, the Councell table houlding
hir antient dignitie. naie soe long as Somersett stood
in grace, & had the trust both of the privie scale &
signett, he oft would glorie iustlie that ther had past
neither to his frinds nor him, anie large grants of
lands or pensions from the K[ing] : he induc'd noe
monopolfes for the greivanc of the people ; nor made
a breach vpon nobilitie by exposing honors vnto sale,
Page 244. refusing/ in perticular, that w ch has since beene taken,

the Lo. Roper's office, for his barronie.

the Match w th Spaine then ofFred w th out anie
further toleration in religion then Ambassadors were
allow'd, vpon discoverie of their falshood was dis-
swaded, & the K[ing] left in such distrust of Gon-
damar, that he term'd him a iugling Jacke, & Em-
pericke.

thus stood the ftate when his misfortunes clouded
him. since w ch time wee know the treatie for the
marriage was renew'd, Gondamar againe receav'd &
likt of, poperie hart'ned by admission of those vn-
knowne conditions of connivenc, the forces in the
Pallatinat w th drawne vpon Spanish faith & promises,
by w ch the king's children lost their patrimonie, &
more monie has beene spent in embassies & treaties
then would have kept an armie to have conquer'd
even their Indies, our ould fast frinds difhartn'd, &

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 87

our soveraigne that is now, expos'd to more danger
then anie wisdome or councell could admitt.

In like cases our predecessors have beene sedulous "
for releife & reparation in such/ wrongs, the loss of Page 245.
the Counte of PontifTe in the time of R[ichard] 2.
was laid to B p Wickham's charge for disswading the
K[ing] from a timely aid & succor, the loss of the
Dutchie of Mayne was a capitall crime in parliament
obiected to De la Poole in the daies of H[enry] 6.
for a single & vnwise treating of a mapriage for that
K[ing] in ffrance ; & the Pallatinat was loft by alike
Spanishe entercourse.

what councell hath begott such power to for-
raigne agents, to procure libertie for papists, pardon for
Preists & Jesuits, & to become sollickers att everie
tribunall of the goverment, for the ill affected subjects
of the kingdome, & to prevent their punishments ?

what grants of impositions, before croft, have been
late past, & complain'd of heer in parliament, the
least of w ch in the time of E[dward] 3. would have
beene iudg'd a heynous crime & capitall, aswell as
those of Lyons & Latimer ?

Parliaments have beene suitors to the [King] in
the times of E[dward] 3. H[enry] 4. H[enry] 6. to
beftow/ honors on some servants ; & that w ch was Page 246.
kept as the most sacred treasure of the State, now is
set to sale, at w ch posterne more have beene late ad-
mitted, then all the merits of the elders have let in
these last 500 years. Soe tender were those times in

88 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

the preservation of that iewell, that it was made an
article in the Judgment of de La Poole, that he had
procured himself to be Earle, Marquess, & Duke of
one & self same place, the like titles being vnquestion'd
yet w th vs. E[dward] I. restrained in pollicie the
number of those that challeng'd it as due ; & how
the disproportion may now sort w to the reason of
this state, cannot be well interpreted, when great
deserts can have noe other recompenc then costlie
rewards from the K[ing]. for now we are taught
the vile price of that w ch was once ineftimable.

Spencer, was condemn'd in the time of E[dward] 2.
for displacing good servants about the K[ing], &
placing in his followers & adherents, not leaving
waie, as the record of that time saith, either in
church or Commonwealth, but to such as fin'd w th
Page 247. him or his dependants ; & we now/ see how such

officers are dispos'd.

it was a sad hearing the last daie when the Lo.
Tresurer did relate the great debts, ingagements, &
present wants w ch his Ma tie does sustaine, the noice
wherof I wishe may be buried in these walls, least it
worke courage in our enemyes, dishartning to our
frinds. it was noe small motive in the time of
H[enry] 3. to banish the king's half brethren for
procuring the king's wante ; & Gaveston & Spencer
for the like had the like fortune in the time of
E[dward] 2. Michael de la Poole the ffather of the
D[uke] of Suffolk, amongst other crimes, was ad-

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM. 89

iudg'd for turning the subsidies that were granted not
to their proper ends j & Wickham that great BP
was put vpon the mercie of his prince, for wasting in
time of peace the revenew of the Crowne, to the
yearlie oppression of the people. & the like offices
were obiected to the mine of the last D[uke] of
Somersett.

too frequent are the examples in this kinde that
shew the abuse of ministers, such improvidenc &
ill councell led H[enry] 3 into soe/ great a straight, Page 248.
as he did pawne part of his dominions, ingagd all the
iewells of the Crowne & those of S* Edward's shrine
at Westminster, not sparing, as it's said, the great
Crowne of England, but above all was that lowe
ebb of H[enry] 6. occasion'd by his favorit de la
Poole, as it's exprest by Gascoine in his storie of
that time, w ch I have found heer since our comming
to the meeting, who tells, that the king's revenewes
were soe rent, as he was forc't to live, de talijs &
quindenis popull. that the K[ing] was growen in-
debted quinquies centena millia librarum. that that
favorit in treating a forraigne marriage, had lost a
forraigne Dutchie. that to worke his ends he had
caus'd an adiornment of the parliament in villis &
remotis partibus regnl, wher the people, propter
defectum bo spit is 6? victualium, few should attend, &
soe enforce those few, to vse that author's words,
concedere regi quamvis pessima ; & when an act of
resumption was desir'd (that iust & frequent waie of

II. N

9 o NEGOTWM POSTERORUM.

reparation for tne State, w ch from the time of
H[enry] 3. to E[dward] 6. all kings but one did

Page 249. exercise)/ that great man then oppos'd it, & tould

the K[ing] it was ad dedecus regis, & soe stop't it.
but what succeeded in the parliament ? the same
author tells y u , that the Commons, though wearied
w th travaile & expences, protested that they would
never grant an ayde vntill the K[ing] should, actua
liter resumere, all that was belonging to the Crowne ;
& that it was magis ad dedecus regis, soe to be ingrost
by the Counsell of one man, who had brought such
miserie to the kingdome [and] such povertie to the
K[ing]: on whom an act of exilement being made,
the Act of resumption forthw th followed it, & im-
mediatlie the supplie. if we should now seeke a paralell
for this, how would it hould to vs ? the revenewes
all vasted & anticipated, as the Lo. Tresurer ha's
confeft, that nothing does come from thenc for the
present vse & maintenanc, hardlie anie thing can
be look't for : the debts as excessive if not more, w ch
we sawe latelie one man's arithmatick could not
number, what has beene exhausted from the people,
in talijs & quindems, is too knowne, in the too

Page 250. wofull & lamentable experience/ of late times, what

was lost for the Spanish match & treatie, children can
speake, that were not borne to see it : by whom was
caus'd the adiornment to this place, & for what ends,
ther needs noe prophecie to tell vs. soe as in all
things the cases are the same if that our acts be

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 91

answearable. 'tis true presidents are noe gods, yet

some veneration they require, the honor of antiquitie

is great, though it be not an idoll, & the wisdome of

examples is most proper, if it be well applied. What

was fitt at one time, all circumstances being like,

cannot be said [to be] vnfitt, vnconvenable in

another, noe threatnings may deter vs, nor yet

difficulties, from the iust service of our Countries.

our ffathers had not a greater trust then we, their

reasons & necessities were not more, therfore I

move, to pursue that remonstranc to the K[ing] &

in due time we shalbe readie to supplie him.

this inflam'd the affection of the house, & pitcht it

wholie on the imitation of their ffathers. the cleer

demonstrations that were made of the likeness of the

times, gave them like reasons, who had/ like interests & Page 251.

freedom's, but the Courtiers did not relish it, who at

once forsooke both their reason & their eloquenc, all their

hopes confiding but in praiers, & some light excuses

that were fram'd, but noe defenc, nor more Justification

was once heard of, in w ch soft waie the chancelor of the

Exchequer did difcourse. that the diforders w ch were

spoken of were not of that king's time, but brought in

vnder the goverment of his ffather, & such as peace &

quiet had begott. that in the K[ing] that was they had

the virtues of his person, the promise of his word to assure

their hope of reformation, if they would expect it till

next meeting, therfore he desir'd those diftasts might be

left off, & the present remonstranc that was talkt of; &

KEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

such an answear to b^e fitted for his Ma tie as the gentle-
ness of his message, & sweetness of his nature did require.
but finding by the inclination of the house, that that way
could not serve, he concluded in another for the question
of supplie, & prest to have a resolution in that pointe.
that rocke was scene betimes, & therfore as speedilie
avoided; for the negative the wiser sort did fear, the

Page 252. affirmative all generallie/ did abhorr. therfore in this w ch
requird little eloquenc or art, much was said on both
sides, & much contestation was vpon it, wherin the new
elect for Yorkshire S r Thomas Wentworth by a new re-
turne then come did soe well express himself for his
countrie, as it desir'd that choise, & allai'd much of the
labor to the contrarie, S r Edward Coke also & others
that did follow him, had the same power & reason, they
wholie did decline the putting of the question, wherin still
some instance being made, M r Glanvile, that pregnant
westerne lawier, did appease it, yet not by consent, but
resolution of the house, he prest, that as a deniall were
difhonorable for the K[ing] a grant w th difficultie were as
difadvantagable for themselves, taking off all meritt from
the act & by a metamorphosis converting it to that panis
lapidosus, of the Ethicks. that such questions were not to
be hasarded for princes, nor vsuallie propounded in that
place, till the consent were manifest, that it was the
prerogative of kings to call parliaments at their pleasure,
but in counterpoise of that their ancestors had erected the
priviledg for themselves to treat of what business they

Page 253. should pleasure, that to be putt vpon/ that question,

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 93

was preiudice to that libertie, & the importunitie therin
an implicit concession of an error in the calling to that
place. Should the parliament spend, as by computation it
does alwaies 90OO 1 ' a day, & that but for the grant of
40000'' in all ? by crowning such councells w th success, we
shall give encouragment to our adversaries, thus he de-
clar'd him self, & concluded for the remonstranc to the
K[ing] w th some forme of protestation for their meanings,
that they did not then denie, but in due time they would
supplie him. something was added vnto this by S r Robert
Mansell in answear to that w ch was pretended for the
Councell, who vtterlie difclaim'd all knowledg of the
action, or anie consultation had vpon it : but said ther
had beene some meetings, & some propositions spoken of
for the navie, but noe designe, nor enterpries & soe noe
counfell or advise, vpon this all color was remov'd from
those that sought the question, noe such question could
seeme proper, wher ther was noe reason for supplie. the
supplie could not be hop'd for in an action w th out
Councell, w ch being in doubt before, then in full credit &
beleife, that long debate concluded for a remonstranc to
the K[ing]./ whilest the remonstranc was preparing, new Page 254.
complaints came in of the spoiles & insolencies of the
pirats, & of divers cruelties w ch were fuffred by the captives
they had taken, the Turks were still roving in the west,
the Dunkerks in the East, the cries came out of all parts,
their losses great, their dangers more, their fears exceeding
all, that noe marchant dar'd venture on the seas, hardlie
they thought themselves secure enough at land ! it was

94 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

alledgd by some, that as the king's ships were stop't from
going to releive them when it was order'd by the Councell,
soe they were then, though readie on the coasts, or in the
harbors neer them, wher those rogues were most infestu-
ous, & nothing might be done, naie in some cases it was
prov'd that the marchants had beene taken even in the
sight of the king's ships, & that the Captaines being im-
portun'd to releive them, refus'd their protection or assif-
tanc, & said they were denied it by the instructions w ch
they had. vpon w ch it was conceav'd to be more then
common negligenc. the Duke was thought faultie in this
pointe, he being Admirall, from whom the instructions
were deriv'd. for that he had the imputation of those/
Page 255. errors, w ch some did then terme crimes, and thervpon w ch
formerlie was forborne, he was then charg'd by name,
this first direct nomination of the D[uke] done by S r
ffrancis Seymour, tooke off all visards & difguises in w ch
their discourses had beene maskt. then in plaine terms
the ielosies were exprest, w ch hindred the satisfaction of the
K[ing]. his neerness to his Ma tie was toomuch, his great-
nefs & exorbitanc offensive, his power & practise were
both doubted & dislik't. in his person was contracted
the cause of all those miseries, all the expressions & ex-
amples w ch formerlie had beene heard of, were then applied
to him. his faults & errors were the same, soe was desir'd
his punishment, & that, w th the rest, likewise to be repre-
sented to the K[ing]. this putt new thoughts into the
Court, how they might state their business, that though
the[y] gain'd not, nothing might be lost, to w ch end was

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 95

prepar'd a new message from the K[ing]. two things

were therin aim'd at in favor of the D[uke] the first an

act to prevent the remonstranc that was comming, w th

w ch S r Henry Marten was entrufted, theother an answear

in that point of Councell/ vnto Mansell, w ch the king's Page 256.

Sollicitor had in charge ; & these for that worke, did w th

all diligenc prepare them selves.

the next daie, when those parts were to be acted, some
interruption did fall in by a double conferenc of the houses,
the first concernd the petition vpon the pardon to the
Jesuit, w ch the Lords excusd onlie as a worke of the Am-
bassadors, for whom ther was an order made in Rome,
that none must come, but w th one of those familiars to at-
tend him, w ch prest their masters as importunatly for their
fellows, as they had prest the K[ing], that the king's an-
sweare late deliverd was a securitie for the future, that
they likewise would all move him not to give passage to
the like, w ch they suppos'd might be as effectuall to the
end, as the petition then intended, wherin they refus'd not
to concurr, but said they crav'd onlie a consideration in
that pointe. theother part was for some releife for Lon-
don, w ch they propounded to be done as by an ordinanc of
parliament, that in soe generall a calamitie & distress, ther
might be a generall contribution made towards it, w ch
being reported to the Commons had a present confir-/
mation & allowance, as in the former they alfo rested Page 257.
satiffied.

these things dispatch't, the message was delivered, that
vrg'd the supplie againe to renew the former question.

9 6 NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

w ch meeting aswell w th wonder as opposition, that that
question should be stir'd, w ch was before resolv'd on, the
ould artist makes his introduction from that ground, & thus
beginns his part of the apologie. that ther were two ex-
treames w ch wisdome did avoid, theone abrupta contumacia,
theother deforme obsequium. this being base, vnworthie of
a man, that both vnpleasant & vnsafe. that the meane
onlie was commended, & Lepidus for that soe magnified
by Tacitus, that he wisht princes would desire nothing
vnfit from subiects ; but, if they did, he would have the
deniall in such manner, as it should seeme not to their
persons, but the things, he alledg'd that saying of Tibe-
rius, that common men are rul'd by profit, princes by fame,
that profit therfore being more considerable w lh them, he
would that way direct his reason, framing a dilemma ther-
vpon. that either the monie disburst on the preparations
had beene well spent or not. if well, that it was then noe
husbandrie for want of a little to be added to lose somuch
Page 258. laid out ; if ill, that not giving/ would excuse those minis-
ters that imploied it. soe as in the first sence, it was vn-
profitable omni modo, in the second altquo modo, not to give,
& therfore he wish't ther might be some respect of that,
to dispute the necessitie at that time, for the manner how
it was incurrd, he said, would be like that act of him who
seeing another in the mire that cald to him for help, spent
somuch time in questioning how he came thither, that be-
fore his hand was given, theother was sunck past hope, a
necessitie ther was then, that was confest of all sides, ther-
fore he vrgd, that their labor ought to be how for the

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM. 97

present to releive it ; what kinde of necessitie it was, & how
that necessitie was incur'd, might be confiderd of ther-
after.

from thenc he descended to his more perticular bufmefs
& confest in generall that the kingdome was in sickness &
needed phisicke, & that he lik't the medicines that were
spoken of, but doubted that those dogdaies were vnseason-
able to applie it. that having the king's assuranc for a new
meeting & full opportunitie therin, he wish't rather to deferr
it till that time, least opening the wound onlie they should
make it more incurable, manie things he propounded of
that kinde, but not w th / such success as was expected. Page 259.
some did imagine that an act of expiation to the Court for
the former trespass he had done, not a will offering, & what
properlie was his owne, & in that regard gave the less
credit to it. more it did lose the Advocat, then anie waie
made advantage for his Client, whose fame was not better
by that art, theothers worse, the like fortune mett the
other, who handled that particular of the Counsell. wherin
he made a long narration & discourse, how the Coun-
sell had often mett, as was pretended by the D[uke], how
S r Robert Mansell did w th draw himself vpon privat reasons
& distasts ; how divers perticulars were propounded & de-
bated by the rest, & the designe in question by them all
resolv'd on. how the Lo. Chichefter, had left some papers
that commended it; how S r Edward Cecill, who was ac-
quainted w th the secret, & best could iudge vpon it, had
said it was probable, & an ould plott of the prince of
Orange's, other things of this nature he produc'd, more

II. O

9 8

NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

coloring the conclusion, the Lo. Chichester being dead,
& the truth of the papers being vncertaine, that wrought
but little on the iudgment of the Audienc. S r Edward
Cecill a commander for the action could not but manifer/
Page 260. the designe, therfore was that assertion thought as invalid
as the other, neither authenticke for satiffaction in the
proofe. from the rest of the Councell ther came nothing,
who were all living, & some ther : & yet if their attesta-
tions had beene brought, such a command has greatnes, as
some men would have doubted, though others had be-
leev'd.

after this some other loose arguments being made to re-
vive the question for supplie, wherin some presidents being
vouch't by him that had decried them j as those of 29. &.
31. Elpzabeth] &. 3. Ja[mes]. wherin augmentations had
beene made to the grants then first resolv'd on ; whenc
was infer'd a perswasion for the like : a replie it had which
was a Colophon to the pointe, comming vnexpectedlie from
a gentleman, that had ther never spoke before, but by that
became first knowne for his abilitie, who being a Lawier, &
but younge, more studied then yet practis'd in the affaires
of that assemblie, or the world, thus made his initiation to
that service, and his discoverie vnto either.

M r Speaker, the question in debate is whither to
give or noe, & therin my opinion is absolute, not
to give, for w ch before I declare my reasons, I will
Page 261. make some/ answears to the arguments on the con-

trarie, wherby the worth of both may more easelie
appeer. ffirst ther has beene an objection made

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM. 99

against insi fling on ould presidents, & that we should
not make them Gods, w cb in part was aunswear'd, that
they were venerable, though not idolls : but further,
presidents are the life & rule of parliaments, noe
other warrant being for the parliament it self, for the
authorities it pretends to, then the extent vse & prac-
tise, w ch is drawne out by presidents. & should not
then parliaments be carefull to preserve that rule in-
violable, to make it constant like it self? in other
Courts differenc of presidents are badges of distemper
& weakness in those times, much more would it be
in this great Court of Parliament, w ch being the recti-
fier of others, should this waie doe it self ; & if that
straie or wander by w ch the rest are guided, who
shall then rectifie & reduce it ? but even those that
speak against them, doe most magnifie & endear them
when they/ thinke them vsefull to them selves, for p a ge ^6^.
when reason has forsaken them, as in the agitation of
this question, how have the[y] strain'd for presidents
to be assiftant to their arguments ? as those of .29.
&.3I. El[izabeth]. & .3. Ja[mes],w ch yet were most
different from this case, & make nothing in the pointe.
ffor that of 29. Elizabeth] was onlie thus, that
after such time as the subjects had given to that good
Q_[ueen] of ever famous memorie, one subsidie &
two fifteenths, vnderstanding by hir councell that she
was to make great preparations for a warr to resist
that invincible armado in 88. they by their Speaker
tould the Q_[ueen] that they had gone as farr for that

joo NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

time as they could, but if she had occasion, they would
shortlie supplie hir againe, where vnto she gaue that
answear (w ch I wishe likewise they would register in
their memories & represent it to the K[ing]) that she
would first search the bottome of hir coffers before she
would greive hir subiects. wher now is the advan-
tage of this president, w ch somuch is stood on ? no-
thing was done in this of that w ch we are presd to.
Page 263. but they'le suppose it/ promis'd ; noe, nor that, but

rather the contrarie is insinuated, they refus'd then
to make an addition at that time, &, not vnlikly for
the reason of their priviledg. that w ch was promised,
was w th referenc to another time & meeting ; soe as
this confirmes the infiftanc w ch we make, & does noe
way impeach it.

but the next, 31. of that raigne 5 what was then
added was before the act was past & vpon the exces-
sive charge laid out for defenc against the Spaniar'd,
or rather to congratulat that divine victorie & deliver-
ance, when was the first time that euer two subsidies
past at once. & for the like summe now I wishe we
had like occasion.

that of K[ing] J[ames] was in the same manner
introduc'd, not when the act was past, but while it
stood in the pleasure of the house, & soe some others
might be reckon 'd, w ch sort not w th our case but shew
what our predecessors did heerin, & I doe hope that
we shall doe the like. But the lawe of necessitie has
beene vrg'd; & though answear'd, this more it shall

NEGOriUM POSTE&ORUM. 101

receave. if ther be such a necessitie as is said, why

should not his/ ma tle be willing that we should now Page 264.

redress it ?

waies have been propounded, & more I know would
be, if that libertie were admitted, soe to supplie this
necessitie & all others, & give the [King] subfistanc,
as his predecessors had before him, to be both lov'd
& feard. was ther yet never the like necessitie before
this for fower hundred years & more, in w ch we have
light from parliaments ? surelie ther have beene farr
greater causes then is now, & yet noe such president
can be found. But ther ha's beene a strange argu-
ment made ab vtiti, that it is profitable to give, argu-
mentum cornutum, by way of dilemma to enforce it,
that either the former monies spent in the preparation
have beene well laid out or not ; if well, why should
we not pursue it ; if otherwise why should we take the
fault vpon ourselves by refusing to add a little, &
therby be difabled to call the delinquents to accompt ?
by the reason of this argument the parliament should
be bound to mayntaine all actions & designes ; for
either they are good or not, & by that rule we should
give the sword vnto our enemyes for the ruine of our
selves, ffor the calling/ of the actions of that great Page 265.
man to question, who knowes not that nothing can
be done w th out permission of the K[ing] ? & if soe,
it may be aswell w^ out supplie as w th it, it being not
the manner of great princes to make marchandise of
their Justice, much has beene said vpon the answear

,0* NEGOriUM POSrERORUM.

of our petition for religion, & manie lines drawne
thenc to the intention of this business, as if religion
were the servant, this the mistris. I am as glad of the
answear in it self as anie member of the house, though
I am sorrie to this purpose it is vs'd. but who
knowes what fruit ther will come from it ? naie, we
have cause to fear it, when the protestation is not
answearable to the fact, the pardoning of Jesuits, pro-
tection given to Papists, support & countenanc to
Arminians, even at this time, shewes more then com-
mon danger, why shall we not therfore desire the
K[ing] the lawes may be executed on recusants ? w ch
if he would command, & that, reallie, to effect it,
they might be all convicted at the next assise or ses-
sions, & then, by that means, ther would be monie to
Page 266. supplie him w th farr more then is demanded./ Henrie

the fifth was a wise & potent prince, not inferior to
anie since the conquest, & yet what did his subiects
vnto him ? in the first year of his raigne they found a
remisnefs in the execution of the laws, vpon w ch
they spake plaine language, & praied him then, in
parliament, to putt the lawes in execution better then
his ffather had done. w ch , though sharp, was good &
wholesome councell, & followd by that K[ing] w ch
likewise if his Ma tie will now doe, he may enioy like
honor & prosperitie, & be both lov'd at home, & fear'd
abroad, ther were some other arguments alfo vs'd,
as that it is the first request ot'h K[ing]. that grant-
ing it wilbe an expression of our loves to him, deny-

NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM. 103

ing a pleasing to the papists, w ch may assoone receaue
their answears ; for the last, it is noe reason to per-
swade, for the Divell sometimes is consenting to good
workes, though for ill ends he ha's. for the second, we
must soe love the K[ing] as we neglect not the Com-
monwealth, we must remember the vnion is betweene
them w ch noe good subiects will divide, we must
amare et sapere, not deprtK&n amore,/ love to love al- Page z6/.
waies, not to perish by our love, w ch were not onlie
an iniurie to ourselves but to the obiect of our love,
the K[ing], for the first we must consider what ill
effects have follow'd the pressures of the people,
wherin our stories mention nothing but tumults &
commotions ; the time is dead & all commerce shutt
vp by the sickness heer at home, by the not car'd for
piracies & robberies abroad, the charge alreadie laid
in the two subsidies that are granted adds a great
burden to the people, what more might doe we know
not, but his ma tle being wise, if he faile in this request,
is better to be perswaded then a multitude. I might give
other reasons against these, as that by the eafmefs of the
subiects to supplie, princes become more careless of
their revenewe & expence. that it may well be doubted
in the frequent grant of subsidies, that they may
turne in time & growe into revenew, as in Spaine &
Naples those w ch were voluntarie contributions are
now made due & certayne ; & the tonnage & pondage
heer w th vs reckond in the ordinarie, w ch at first
was meant/ but for the garding of the sea, & soe the Page 268.

1 04. NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

acts still have it. B^ut these things need not when our
owne rules conclude vs, w h I desire we may observe,
& soe pass on to the remonstrance that was ordered.

this put the Courtiers beyond hope, who sawe noe waie
of saftie but retreat, & to that and continuall entercourse
being made w th intelligenc to the D[uke], the Commission
for dissolution of the Parliament w ch was secretlie prepar'd,
was forthw* 11 delivered to the Keeper, who according to
the forme was to execute & discharge it.

Some difficulties this had caus'd in the deliberations of
the Councell, wher it had beene oppos'd before the K[ing].
the Keeper heer againe had w th much earnestnefs declar'd
himself, & w th manie reasons indeavor'd to disswade it :
but his power was found to[o] weake, in contestation ;
for the others, the faction of that partie did prevaile i
not y 1 it spake more trulie but more pleasantlie. soe was
that sceane contriv'd, that the D[uke] himself seem'd a
suitor for the contrarie, & on his knees did deprecat that
w ch he moft desir'd. but the resolution was immoveable
in the K[ing]. &, as none doubted, soe practis'd by the
Page 269. other, vpon w ch / the opinion of the Keeper was reiected,
& not longe after that him self, the Commission being
heard of, w th the Commons wrought some diftraction in
their mindes. those that were fearfull did encline to some
accommodation & respect, those that were resolute, &
had hearts ans wearable to their heads, insisted on their
greivances j for w ch , bicause the remonstrance was prevented
by the shortness of the time, this protestation was com-
pos'd, as a character of their meaninge.

NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM. 105

We the Knights, Citizens, & burgesses of the
Commons house of parliament, being the representa-
tive bodie of the whole Commons of this realme,
aboundantlie comforted on his Ma tles gratious answear
touchinge religion, & his message for the care of our
health, doe solemnlie protest & vowe before God &
the world w th one hart & voice, that we are all re-
solved, & doe heerby diclare, that we will ever con-
tinue most loyall & obedient subiects to our most
gratious Soveraigne, K.[ing] Charles, & that we wilbe
readie in convenient time, & in a/ parliamentarie waie, Page 270.
freelie & dutifullie to doe our vtmost indeavor to
discover & reforme the abuses, & greivances of the
realme & state, & in the like sort to afford all neces-
sarie supplie to his most excellent ma tle vpon his present,
& all other his iust occasions & designes, most humblie
beseeching our ever deer & dread Soveraigne in his
princelie wisdome & goodness to reft assured of the
true and hartie affections of his poore Commons, &
to esteeme the same, as we conceave it is indeed, the
greatest worldlie reputation & securitie a iust K[ing]
can have, & to accompt all such, as slanderers of the
peoples affections, & enemies to the Commonwealth,
that shall dare to say the contrarie.
this was by the penne of Mr. Glanvile, who not long
after had the[ir] thanks, & it was forth w th read, & ordred to
be presented to the K [ing] by his privie Councellors of that
house. w ch being so agreed on, & some loose motions
made, for cleering those by the suffrage of the house,
ii. P

io6 NEGOriUM POSTERORUM.

that were thought subiect to distaste for their expressions in
Page 271. that place ; some/ such overtures being made, that were
reiected as vnnecessarie, former experienc having prov'd
them to be vfeless & vnprofitable ; those things laid aside,
& the vsher of the black rod admitted w th his fatall message
to the house, the Speaker left his chaire, & being attended
by the rest, went presentlie to the Lords, wher the Com-
mission was then read, & soe dissolved that parliament.

this dissolution, though thus wrought, gave not in all
things satisfaction to the Courtiers, though in some they
had content, that they were freed from the Constellation
that was over them, & the dire aspect it had vpon the cor-
rupt matter of their works, seem'd as a happiness in part ;
but they still fear'd the influenc, & the future operation it
might have ; &, for the present, they had fail'd in their
expectation & designe. on theother side ther was not less
trouble to the Countrie, as the intelligenc did dispers. that
saving of their monie did not please, as the demand dislik't
Page 172. them, all men possest their neighbours, that that meeting
was the Duke's, that he to color the follie of his enter-
prises had practis'd to entitle them to the Parliament, that,
the Parliament difcovering his practise & corruption, to
secure himself therin, he had raisd a ielosie in the K[ing],
by w ch that breach was made, this was beleev'd of all j &
manie revolutions itt did cause in myndes not well com-
pos'd. that suddaine alteration, & great change, from ex-
tremitie to extremitie, was more then vulgar stomacks could
digest.

the great hope they had conceav'd, to be wither'd in

NEGOTIUM POSrERORUM. 107

the Spring, cast a blacke face of sorrowe over their whole
affections, this to be done by him from whom the con-
trarie was expected, added to that an anger, divided be-
tweene these, their thoughts and times were spent, while the
others, not less passionat, were in studie for themselves,
manie things were obnoxious vnto them, made them,
even, obnoxious to themselves, the prefent preparation
of the ffleet, & the eye the world had in it, w ch could
not be prevented, or declin'd. the future expectation Page 273.
of a Parliament, and the satiffaction should be given
it both for the ffleet/ & them (for as they were con-
scious to themselves of the publicke iniuries they had
done, w ch they heard cal'd vpon at that meeting, & could
not doubt they would be forgotten in the next ; soe they
could prophecie for theother what success should follow
it, iudging either by their counsells or themselves) these
things therfore were a terror in their harts running through
all their motions : yet the ffleet must be sett out, that
formerlie was resolv'd on, & the D[uke] was held too
pretious to be adventur'd in the voiage, whenc nothing but
loss & dishonor could returne ; however the Commission
that was granted him must stand, that what glorie could
be had, (as all such expeditions afford some in their entranc
& beginnings) might be added to his trophies. & what the
exltus might import, ther was another nam'd to ffather it,
for whom likewise a Commission was dispatcht of the
same power & latitude, but subordinat to the other, this
substitute was S r Edward Cecill, brother to the then E[arl] of Page 174.
Exeter, a man whom years & experienc might have squar'd

io8 NEGOTIUM POSTERORUM.

for better purposes &/imploiments. his whole time/ &
studie had beene spent vpon the warrs. he then retained,
in the service of the States, the command of a regiment of
ffbote. his respect w lh them, for the qualitie of his blood,
was noe detraction to his meritt. his carriage and deport-
ment were not ill, his presence good, his conversation full
of affabilitie & courtship; & in his affections ther was
doubted nothing that was corrupt : facility was the greatest
prejudice he was subiect to, w ch rendred him credulous
& open to those that were artificiall & obscure, wherby
he became exposd, & subservient to their wills, & was
drawne to tread those paths w ch themselves refus'd to walke
in.

his Commission stil'd him, in the presence of the D[uke]
Lo. Marshall of the feild, the D[uke] by land & sea, being
appointed Generall ; but in his absence it did make him
Generall, as himself, vpon w ch ther arose an adulation in
the Court, that was not w th out laughter to the Soldiers,
the [Duke] for superexcellenc being term'd Generalissimo
in their dialect, & the other Generall ; soe as this had at

Page 2-c noe t ^ me ^ ess tnen was n * s ^ ue > tnat as m a ^ things els,
had more./

this being setled for the ffleet, a Consulto likewise followd
it, how to accommodat for the Parliament, nor was, in
this, the businefs, for retraction of the errors, but for pre-
vention of complaints, the ould courfes must continue,
w th out anie lessening of the exorbitance, onlie the studie
was that noe man might oppose it ; & to that end a pro-
iect was receav'd to remove the moft active of the Com-

NEGOriUM POSTERORUM. 109

mons, those that had then diclar'd themselves, charging
them w th imploiments that might make them vncapable of
the Parliament, presuming therby others would be deter'd,
& the whole abilitie of that house extracted w th those per-
sons, soe as noe man should remayne of knowledg or affec-
tion to contest them. Soe shallow are those rivelets of
the Court, that they thinke all wisdome like their mur-
mure. kingdomes they will measure by the analogic of
their rules ; but in this they deceave themfelves, as in all
other things the world, & as they iudge of kingdomes,
kingdomes may iudge of them, great is the varietie in a Page 276.
kingdome both of knowledg & abilitie. great is the
varietie/ of persons, & of their studies & exercises to acquire
them, the formes of wisdome are as various as are mens.
as one is bould, & active, another wilbe cautious & reserv'd.
this plotts, that speaks, a third iudges & discerns ; & in all
these some are excellent, yet appeer not, while their works
are done by others, but are content & happie to be
shadow'd in themselves ; all difficulties being declin'd, dan-
gers prevented, & their desires made good : yet againft all,
wher necessitie shall require, they will & are readie to stand
forth. Soe did it prove in this, contrarie to the prediction
of the Court : but their conclusion held proportionable to
their iudgment, by w ch that proiect was approv'd, some
being design J d for sheriffes then at home, others for other
imploiments further off, wherby they thought themselves
sufficiently secur'd, & on that securatie being setled, from
their resolutions in these things, they then betook them-
selves to other entertaynments more at Large./

ILLUSTRATIVE ADDITIONS

FROM

SIR JOHN ELIOT'S UNPUBLISHED MSS.

AT PORT ELIOT.

SUPPLEMENT.

(Continued from Vol. I. p. 173.)

NOTHER memorable Speech in the same
Parliament against Supply is wholly in
Eliot's own handwriting, thus :

" our English nation has a great fame, for w ch we rest in- Fol. 40-41.
debted to our ffathers : & nothing has been more fortunat exord.
to vs then ther examples when we have observd them,
nothing more vnhappie then our waies, when we have
wandred in those paths that were not trodden to vs. I
could demonstrat this by many things either of peace or
warr, if I would vse digression, but the matter now in hand
sufficiently will prove in what difficulties we have mett,
what piudice we have had beyond the fortunes of all for-
mer times since we have declin'd their rules ; how short

II. Q

ii4 SUPPLEMENT.

we come of the happiness of their labors, even in this
place ; & how we have formd a way, almost a beaten way,
narrat. to make the meetings fruitless, their manner was in their

assemblies, as their records informe vs, first to consult of
publicke business, to prepare good lawes, to represent their
greivances, to dispatch those things that concern'd the
Country, to make knowne their state : then, when they
fownd, how they were enabled, how they were releivd ;
when noe oppressions feard them, iustice was equall,the lawes
open to all, commerce at liberty, all trade free ; then, then
they did thinke of monye, then did treat of giving, & were
not wanting in such summs as fitted w th those times, fitt
for the occasions of the state, the honor of their sover. this
course as it mayntaynd the dignity of their gifts, to have
y m soe expected, & often gave y m a reputation, especially
w th strangers, before the summs were knowne, beyond their
proper values : soe it secur'd their proceedings in the rest
free from interruption, & both gain'd the benefitt of time,
& that advantage w ch the hope of monie alwaies has
afforded, how this practise has beene declind by vs it's
manifest in the effects have folio wd it. wittness decimo
octavo, witness vicesimo primo of King James, witness the
first of our sover. that now is, witness the next, witness the
last in all w ch . as now, we were irnportun'd to precipitat :
dangers were obiected, necessities alledgd, & (those pre-
vailing) did they induce any thing in consequence but
against vs ? examine them, particularly that in 18. the first
president of such hast, when two subsidies were granted,
granted in the beginning of a parl : granted w th out a ses-

SUPPLEMENT. 115

sion, (a grant never knowne before) granted vpon pro-
mise not to be vrged againe or vsd as an example, did it
not prepare the way for the next parl : was it not followd
ther ? & what rendred it to the sub* 3 in the continuance of
the same ? after that turn were servd nothing but distasts,
checks to their proceedings, reiections to their suites, ques-
tions to their priviledges, punishments threatend to their
members, & those aswell sitting the house as when it was
dissolvd, w ch in part nott long after was performd, the rest
has beene acted since ; things as new and strange to the
ould times, as were such hastie grants, the fitter to attend
them, in 2i mo the copie of that good patterne, when 3.
subsidies. 3. fifteenes were given (w ch bounty we had hope
would have servd long) did it not still endear the manner,
& as hastily draw in the demand in the next year, in the
next parl : ? & then when we had as willingly consented,
& presumd to have satisfied in the same sitting, & from
thenc followed vs, or rather drave vs vnto Oxford ? having
dissolvd vs ther, & many waies disperst vs, when we were
calld againe in the next parl : was it forgotten then ? was
it not reinstanct ? supplie y u know was the mayne thing
proposd, & that soe strickly as if nothing els were necessary,
for that we were presently putt vpon disputes, we were
prest to resolutions w ch , (however large & honorable
beyond proportion of all former times we had accorded)
being (yet) secretly adulterated & traduct, renderd vs sus-
pected, distastfull to his Ma tle . & by that exposd vs to all
the miseries & calamities w ch we have sufFerd since, come
we yet neerer, come to this p>sent parl : we sitt in, in the

u6 SUPPLEMENT.

last session w ch made ah indication of such hope vpon our
good agreem 1 w th the K. wherin the knot & obligation was
soe tied as it was by all men thought inviolable : the K.
having cleerd our liberties to vs, we having granted a retri-
bution to the K. w ch no sooner had beene past vs but y u
know what an alteration was then found : what answear
we receavd to our Remonst. & w th what passages to endear
it : what catastrophe what caulupon we then had, of w ch I
must conclude as Cicero did in the lines, nolo rem earn
commemorando renovare cujus omnlno memoriam omnem
tolli funditus ac deleri oportet* such have been the effects
of all those hasty givings. now comes the like demand,
the like request in the like time, like reasons to induce it,
like necessityes pretended, what shall we now doe ? shall
we give lesse then formerly we have done ? that wilbe said a
shortning [of] affections to his Ma te , a neglect of his affaires,
a neglect of common good, naie (I doubt not) but from these
late practices 'twilbe vrgd a breach of president too ; & shall
we in all these make our selves obnoxious ? yes ; to those
that soe conceive it, those that soe applie it, but to the truly
wise, the iudicious, the vnderstanding man, the man of
rectified & clear senc it wilbe otherwise ; to him it shall
appeer encrease of our affections to our soveraigne, tender of
his affairs, care of common good & reformation of those ill
examples latelie introduct. ffor as we have scene of all
these hastie givings the effects, the reward, miserable & vn-

* Cicero Pro P. Quintio, 21, 70. " Tametsi nolo earn rem commemorando
renovare^ cujus cmnino rei memoriam omnem tolli funditus ac deleri arbitror
oportere."

SUPPLEMENT. 117

happie ; soe to the King & State, from the same presidents,
if they be well considered you shall likewise finde them
fruitless & vnprofitable. for first that in 18. given as y u
may remember to a good end, & soe desird, the defenc of
the Palat : (o h would it had beene well defended) what
wrought y* supply? what conclusions did it bring to the
worke intended ? what advantage gave it to the cause ?
none I can call to minde : the success saies none, & from
thenc w th reason we may better thinke those monies in-
terverted then any waie imploid to soe good a vse. sure I
am (& w th greif I speake it) the Palat : is lost, & as ffame
reports it, for want of succors & releife from vs. the next
in 2i mo when a larger contribution was made, the largest
that ever was before, the ends set downe for w ch it was
appointed, provisions made how to be disposed, what came
of that ? did it effect any thing worthy the honor of the
King, or state ? surely noe ; nothing that was visible ;
nor doe I thinke the monies issued for the ends proposd, but
drawne some other waie, for w ch when it was requird last
parl : they could not be accounpted :

By the next the first of our Sover. that now is, had the
State any encrease or profit it retaynes ? the consequence
saied otherwise, & rather shewed the necessity made larger
then any way retrencht, w ch was apparant in that not long
after were pursued the vnheard of proiects, infallible
arguments of extreame necessity : I might likewise in-
stanc y e last, of w ch noe man can be ignorant it is soe new :
what advantage it has wrought, every man may iudge : that
the necessitie continues their demand does prove, for not-

II. R

u8 SUPPLEMENT.

w lh standing all these aides w ch soe speedilie have beene
gotten, those things &c. ... as my weake memory, & this
time would give me leave, I have suddainly observd vpon
our new waies our new manner of promising, of granting
subsidies, in the beginning of a sitting wherof we againe
deliberat to day. I have shewd y u in the whole practise how
disadvantagable they have been to vs ; I have given y u from
the particulars part of the preiudices we have had. I have
likewise shewd y u towards the King how little profit they
conferrd, how little his estate, how little his affaires are
better by them, let me add this too, what riotts, what ex-
cesses, what insolencies, what evills, it may be feard they
have causd in other men. & then consider whether it be
now fitt we should doe the like againe. we have ever
lovd our princes ; & shall alwayes doe soe ; we have beene
still willing to supply them, & are ready now : but for the
manner let it be according to the customes of our ffathers
in the ould formes, w th w h we were soe happie, & for the
quantity, let it not be doubted, but as our love exceeds, that
shall hould proportion, for the reputation & creditt soe
many waies idolatrizd, let this suffice : nothing soemuch
confirms it, nothing somuch augments it as an agreement
heer, the correspondenc w th the parl : the confidenc, the
assuranc in his people will more magnifie the King, then
all the treasures of the whole kingdome drawne into his
coffers, that invaluable iewell of thesub ts harts is above all
account, soe Alexander esteemd it. Therfore I desire
that this proposition may heer rest, & that our supply may
be the better when it comes, my motion shalbe that we
may now goe on in matters to enable vs."

SUPPLEMENT. 119

A short but pungent Speech succeeds this upon close of
the Lawyers' arguments on behalf of Liberty of the
Person. It follows :

" M r Sp r

Vpon this grave deliberation w ch has beene in that Foi. 42-44.
great pointe of libertie, I know not whether my affecta- 4 Car. re g .
tion or admiration should be greater : affectation that by
the arte & industrie of these gentlemen (whose profession
speaks their excellence) the long obscurd & darkend rights
'oth subiect are laid open : admiration, that to the heigth
of argument & witt ther has' beene vsd such modesty &
sweetness, as in vindicating the infringd liberties of the
subiect we can but seeme to effect the advantage and
greatness of his Ma te & in the cleering of our owne inte-
rests to have noe other end, but to make our selves more
worthy the service of our Soveraigne, wherin let me give
y u this observation by the way, & I shall desire those gentle-
men that have enter course at Court to take it thither w th
them, that the glorie of noe K. was ever weakened by the
multitude of bondmen but in the number of free subjects
consists the honor of the Soveraigne : such have been
our ffathers & such I hope we & our children shall con-
tinue.

this dispute has beene of two different parts drawne from
the Severall reasons of the parties, the one of arguments for
the liberty of the sub*, the other conteyning answears &
obiections made against them, the arguments for the
sub*, had two principall grounds they stood on, two generall
foundations vpon which divers perticular superstructions

SUPPLEMENT.

Ed. Coke, were erected, & thJse that hono ble person (whom pos-
teritie must thank for the large characters of his virtues)
w ch in their service he has exprest, calld his duo instrumenta,
ratio & autboritas, on w ch grounds were laid such curiosi-
ties of structure for the libertie & freedome of the sub 1 , &
of such proportion in varietie of reasons, in multitude of
cases, diversitie of Lawes, multiplicity of presidents inpointe,
that w th out further examination or triall they had beene
an evidenc sufficient for the cause. But to follow the
exact Justice that was vsd in the equall hearing of all
parties on the other side, what reason was product, what
case vouch't, what law, what president alleadged w ch had
not their full answear or were conceavd not worth it ? for
reason y u know the King's Counsellconfest himself & stood
vpon excuse, not vpon defenc of that w ch has beene done.
cases he gave none & for lawes he instanc't onlie that of
: i. cap. 15. Westminster expounded to hissencby Stamsford, w ch (the
contemporaneous expositions mentioned by that great sage
'oth Lawe ; the vnderstanding of the former & latter
times of the scope of Magna Charta, soe exquisitly retrivd
out of the most hidden & obstruse corners of antiquitie by
my most learned frind, & the exposition of those other
lawes that were descendants from that great mother &
made onlie in explanations of the same, naie the verie
words & meaning of Stamsford himselfe well collected by
my honest Counteyman) doe soe fully answear as I pre-
sume ther rests no difficulty therin. ffor presidents, ther
was only insisted on that of 13. Ja. wherin some advan-

foj . w ch ! shaU desire y m tQ observe but

M r Rolls.

13. Jacob

Saltmgston.

SUPPLEMENT.

these 3 pticulars. the authoritie it had, a yonge students
notes & some privat observations he had taken. 2. the
sufficiency therof, erring, as y u know, in two most mayne
pticulars vpon the recitall of the case of 34. El. for w ch we 34. Eliz.
have the contradiction of an originall & authenticke booke V^ 1 "** of ye
of that great Lawier Anderson, one of the Judges of that
time vnder his owne hand writing. 3. the reputation of
the bringer, who y u know likewise faild in the number w ch
he promisd & in the copie of the record that was psented
soe as if y u compare & putt all things of all sides into the
Scale of Justice, & their weigh causa cum causa^ res cum re y
ratio cum ratione, as Cicero does direct : in the one part
of the ballance y u shall finde nothing but aer & lightness,
in the other a full gravitie & weight. & now having thus
given y u the senc of what is past, let me add something
more pticularly of myne owne that in this case of the
libertie of persons I may not seeme lesse affectionat then
others, as my former wants therin give me not less occa-
sion to be sensible. Wherin I shall observe for the power
that is exercis'd & pretended 3. pticulars more then for-
merly have beene toucht. I. that it is against the law of
nature, 2. the antient Ro. Civill Lawe, 3. that it is against
the rules & maximes of pollicie : that it is against the
Lawe of nature is implied by Plinie in the Embleame of
the bees, wher the K only wants a sting as an instrument
to hurt, that wher ther is power, ther should be least iniurie,
& punishments should be the ordinances of the Lawes &
not the acts of princes ; but we have it fuller in that for-
mula Ciceronis, that rule of Justice & the Lawe, wher he

SUPPLEMENT.

saies detrahere aliquia alterl^ & hominem hominis Incom-
modo suum agere commodwn magis est contra naturam
quam mors &c. What ? is it soe to take any thing away ?
detrahere facilitates (those things we call bona fortunes,
such as the philosophers soe willingly could leave that they
might cltlus philosophare f) how much more then detrahere
llbertatem, w** is detrahere lucem, to take way the light
nay to take away the life; for what life enioy we w th out
light ? what light w th out air, liberty ? & therfore a fortiori
it stands good, as air, libertie, is more pretious then are
goods soe is that direption more contrary vnto nature.
That it is against the Ro : civill law vnder whose autho-
rities some have seemd to shrowde, besides the evidences
15. Acts. given formerly out of that case of Pawle & those other
inferences vpon that of the twelve tables salus populi est
sufma lex &c. Cicero likewise proves it in his proprium
civitatiSy wher he saies that nibil de caplte civls, vel liber-
tate &c. might be taken w th out the iudgm* of the Senat or
of them qui de quaqi re comtituti sunt indices. w ch autho-
rity y u see how full it is in pointe. I hasten what I may
to give an end to this dispute, w h I thinke was formerly
made soe cleer as it needs not further labor to conclude it.
therfore I shall only mention & not argue new opinions,
that this practise of Kings to imprison & comitt is
against the rules of pollicie, appeers by reason also, for this
rule admitts noe posterne, that potestas humana radicatur
In voluntatlbus homlnum, & therfore subiects should be kept
in affection to there Soveraignes : to w ch end our lawes laie
all faults & errors in the ministers, that noe displeasure

SUPPLEMENT. 123

may reflect vpon the K. & soe Seneca does intimat, regem
debere solum prodeste nocere non sine pluribus, & Machiavell
that great master in this art, who was most indulgent vnto
princes, & sought to advance all tyrannic, yet in this directs
that they should disperse curtesies onlie by themselves &
leave iniuries & punishm ts to others, w ch was also insinuated
by the Antients in their fictions of Jupiter giving his
thunders from the heavens whom they make fulmen suum
placabite solum mittere pernitiosum alils tradere, that w ch
was pleasant was his owne, that w ch was distastfull came
by others, these were the instructions of the Elders, these
were the practises of those times : y u see how both reason &
Justice doe confirme it, & that it has a generall concurrenc
of the law, vpon w ch we may safelie heer resolve that what
otherwise has beene acted was in preiudice of our rights, &
then I hope we shall take such further course as may se-
cure vs for the future."

Next comes a Fragment of his supreme Speech on the
Miscarriages of the Reign :

" Cales) w ch was the first action of the King, & such first Foi. 46.
acts are not of least importance, when thervpon depends as
Tacitus has observd it, the fame & expectation of the
rest, honor & contempt taking their originalls from thence,
w ch seldome change & that not w th out great difficultie &
adventure, in the first expedition vnto Cales, for w ch such
preparations had beene made, such immense provisions,
such monie buried in the imploiment, what encouragement

124 SUPPLEMENT.

from thence have w^ to render to the subiect ? what
grounds of perswasion for the like ? y u have heard too
often what men & shipping have been lost as if they were
made a sacrifice to our enemies : how our strength & saftie
is impaird by that miscariage & adventure it is too knowne
to all men, & that inestimable iewell of our honor, w ch our
ffathers prizd soe highly is therby crack't & blemisht : I
dare not say tis broken, but the lustre oft is gone, w ch
makes vs less valuable w th our neighbours : that w ch was our
greatest riches beinge decayed, those great designes we
know were vndertaken, if not made, by that great Lord the
D. of Buckingham who assumd the name of generall, drew
to him self the power & sole command of all things both
for Sea & land : but y u know he went not in the action,
that for w ch the whole kingdome must be troubled, was
not thought worthie of his person, but a deputie & substi-
tute must discharge it, w ch what encouragement it may
give to the affections of the people I leave to all men, that
have reason, to determine it. before that the action of
Count Mansfeld was soe miserable, and the men then sent
soe managd, as we can hardly say they went : sure it is that
nothing they did doe, & yet how few returnd here, that
hand full likewise that was sent to the Pallatinat, not se-
conded, nor supplied, its knowne what ffortune they at-
cheivd. I might speake also of the action to Algiers &
others of that nature, & who in all those had the Kings
eare at pleasure, fashiond reports & propositions at his will :
besides we might remember the treaties & negotiations that
have beene, their infinit expence, & the nothing they re-

SUPPLEMENT. 125

turne but loss & dishonor to our nation ; from whence
such discouragments might arise out of the abuses of the
ministers yet too potent, as should a supplie be wanting at -
this time it would iustlie make an apologie for the subiect.
But leaving these things as forraigne & forgotten in the
affaires at home, & the present administration of all business,
what satisfaction, what liking can be renderd ? "

Another fragment also in Eliot's hand against
Mohun, deserves preservation :

" The K ts . Cit : & B. &c. having receavd from manie Fol. 47.
parts of the K m . manie sad comp ts of the great p r ssures of
the liberties & other iniuries intervinient, through the vio-
lenc & corruption of the officers to whose cares-they are
entrusted ; & from the extreamest parts oth west beinge
informd of most extreame oppressions : knowing w th all
the pietie & goodness of his Ma tie , in the sunshine of
whose favor they might rest vnder their vines & figtrees,
& everie bee oth hive gather honie in that heat taking their
severall pleasures of all the dainties of the feild, & con-
sideringe that the abuse of serv ts . does oftentimes reflect a
preiudice to their masters ; & even the beames of Ma tie .
(that peice of wonder & admiration w ch the common
veiwe beholds not in it self, such glory being to[o] excellent
an obiect for their sence) those beames I say are by the ex-
orbatance of ministers (the clouds that interpose it) not sel-
dome represented darkned & obscurd, & the straight line
& rule of goverm* it self renderd by such instrum ts crooked
& deformd : in contemplation of the honor of their Sover.

II. S

SUPPLEMENT.

as of the welfare of his sub^. to cleer the brightnes of his
Ma tie . from such mists & exhalations as ecclipse it ; & to
p r serve & keep the reputation of his justice equall to his
greatness, as famous to his frinds as fearfull to his enemies,
they have desird this conferenc w th y r lo? 8 in w ch (w th their
true & hartie thanks for the continuanc of your respective
correspondencie in all things & ready concession to this
meetinge) I am commanded (though most vnworthie of
that honor, most vnable to support it) to rep r sent a charge
against a member of y r house y e Lo. M. whom avarice,
ambition, iniustice, violenc, oppression, exactions, extor-
sions almost infinit, have made obnoxious to the cries & ex-
clamations of the Countrie; w ch vpon due examination they
have found not lightlie to be movd & therefore have
thought fitt to transmitt them to y r lop 5 , that having had
like disquisition by y r wisdomes they may receave such
sentenc & definition as shall sorte w th the meritts of the
cause & the satisfaction of y r Justice, w ch we know noe
greatness can p r vent. Wherin if the actions of the
moderne & elder times may be drawne to likeness &
comparison (as doubtless amongst manie vicissitudes &
changes, ther are, at least, some fortunat concurrences in
events) the intention they now have may not vnaptlie be
resembled to that famous dedication of the temples of
virtue & honor antientlie at Rome ; for, as in that, the
structure & formation had beene laid manie daies before by
the great care & pietie of Marcellus whose fame therin re-
maynd ; soe in this, that we shall now p r sent, is the collec-
tion of a former time, (to w ch though ther wanted oppor-
tunitie ther may not want acknowledging on the strength

SUPPLEMENT. 127

of whose foundations wee now build : & as in the other
the crowne & glorie of the worke, the pfection, the dedica-
tion, was not admitted to Marcellus, yet granted to his
sonne ; soe in this what was formerlie denied vs, in respect
of opportunity, now, I hope we shall have the happiness to
effect, & (w th that favor of y r Lo p3 .) give it y* conclusion
w ch shalbe acceptable, advantagable to all that owe their
services & devotions to those most .... [a leaf of the
MS. is here lacking, " those most " being catchwords]
(for it was opend whiles this was in agitation in the Stan- Fols. 48-49.
neries) & soe both stopping the further levie of the monie,
& giving them opportunitie to exhibit their complainte.

W ch complainte, as it was alledgd & provd to the Com te
y u have now heard reported, wherin y u have scene both the
extension & execution of his power : in the extension both
for the matter & forme, y u have heard, what tinners he
creats,* what priviledges he gives them, what effects they
worke. in the execution, y u have likewise heard his
illegall preparations, his inequitable resolutions, his violent
compulsions, his avaritious exactions ; & that last, more
strange then all the rest, his Convocation ; wherin the
calling, the proposition, the intention, the prosecution, the
conclusion being noted w th the Time in w ch all these things
were done, (being w th in less then the compass of two
years, a short space to make soe long a storie) this circum-
stance being noted w th the rest give it a full view & pros-
pect for y r iudgment.

it rests now only that I crave y r pardons for my self,

* cf. P . 128, 1. 12. G.

SUPPLEMENT.

the pardon of the house, the pardon of the Com te . that soe
weakly have pformd soe great a worke & labord a report of
this difficulty & length, wherin I must crave the assistance
of my masters who made soe ill a choise that both for their
owne honor & the service what my memorie or expression
may have faild in, their more abilities will supplie.

[what more may be expected to enlarge it ? would y u
compare it w th the moderne, would y u measure it by elder
times j what example can be found, what instanc can be
given to paralell w th this ? the iniustices, the oppressions,
the exactions, the extorsions on the tinners, are soe infinit:
the injuries, the contempts, the scandalls, the abuses, to
the Judges, to y r LoP 9 , to his Ma tie , are soe great, that they
may not vnaptlie be resembled to the antient warres of the
Giants w th the Gods to give that fable truth, for in the
preparation ther is laid Pelion vpon Ossa, insolenc vpon
pride, covetousness on ambition, violenc vpon all: & in
the acts themselves nothing can be scene but disdayne of
Lawes, & contempt of go verm* : not onlie to the depressing
of the Commons but (as y n have heard) to the scandall of
y r Lo ps , naie to the p r iudice of the K. whose honor & ad-
vantage have noe supports soe sure as the lawes & liberties
of the Kingdome, the inseperable accidents & adherentes
of his Crowne & dignitie. And in this case y r Lo ps like-
wise may fitlie be compar'd to that great power of Gods
that stood in succor of their Jupiter : for y u are some Marse's,
gods of Warr j y u are some Apollo's, gods of wisdome, y u
are some Minerva's, excellent in both ; y u have a God of
treasure likewise, a god of riches j & y u have Mercuries,

SUPPLEMENT. 129

Ambassadors; & of the Demigods, great officers great
ministers to assist y u : naie, y u have a Neptune too, a god
o'th Seas (w ch is more then was granted by the Antients
in the defenc of Heaven, or might formerlie have beene
look't for heer w th vs : for of that ould deitie the fable tells
y u his affection to the giants, & the reason, quoniam ex eius
semine natl sunt, they were of his begetting, of his breed,
therfore he studied to support them, soe that noe help
could be expected from his hands) but it is now otherwise,
& a happie change is made : ther is now a Neptune, not of
that allianc, whose aid y u likewise have, w ch does promise
both assuranc & easiness in the victorie. I know my LL.
in what high place he sitts ; whom y u must now en-
counter ; I know the advantage he has gotten by being
nombred w th y r Lo ps , w th all I know the integritie of y r
iustice, the sincerity of y r worthe, w ch noe respect, noe
greatness can pervert, soe that ther needs not anie invita-
tion or encouragement to be given y", more then y r owne
virtues & the great examples of y r ffathers will present. I
remember in the fiction that was made of the deifying of
Claudius (who liv'd not the most excellent of men), it is
said, that by the acquaintance & favor of Hercules he was
secretlie admitted into heaven ; but when the other Gods
had taken accompt of his demeritts & found him not
answerable to their worthes : to preserve the dignitie of
that place, & the reputation of their order, he was by a
sentenc of their Court, decreed incapable of that honor ;
& (notw th standing the admission he had gain'd) adiudgd
after thirtie daies to be expelld againe. I will make noe

i 3 o SUPPLEMENT.

application what iudgment wilbe expedient for this Lo.
the cause will best direct ; the weight of that wilbe
emergent in the proofes to w ch for y r more pertecular
satisfaction I shall now refer y r Lo ps .

It rests my LL. that I now only crave y r pardons for
the manie imperfections I have made in this expression :
my knowne weakness & infirmities, will, I hope, facilitat
the excuse, the former favors of y r LoP 8 , w ch in this place
I have receavd, & the obligation of that honor to w ch these
walls are witnesses, give me new assurance of y r addition
to that debt in perticular for myselfe ; & that the errors
w ch have happen'd from my weakness shall not cast reflec-
tion on my Masters."]

As a companion to this, take another variant fragment
in Eliot's hand, intended to have been spoken in the Lords'
Conference against Mohun :

FoL 95. " y u ma y remember the old fable of the Giants that did

warr ag st the Gods & would drive Jupiter out of heaven,
they made a preparation, they made an attempt, they
brought it to a difficulty, in all w ch y u have it exampled in
this case, the condition of this K m , as if it were the reality
of those fancies, or the destinie of this time, that we must
now reduce that storie into act, & in favor of the Antients,
give their fables truth, ffor first to answear the p r paration,
y u shall finde heer, mountaine raisd on mountaine pelion
vpon ossa. Arm 1 on pop[ery], in the C. [Commons] iniust.,
on opp. in the Comw. men for these corruptly brought to
places, that by the example they might be ther corrupt :
vast accumulations y u shall see, immense suggestions of

SUPPLEMENT. 131

this Kinde, for strength & advantage to ther batteries j for
facility & help to their ascent.

In the attempt likewise y e have a generall opposition of
all goodness, all law, all libertie, all rell : the chaine by
w ch this fabrick is held vp, this K m . is sustaind, how is it
forct & strain'd ? y u know what is said of the golden
chaine of Jupiter, that therby he was soe fastned to his
throne, as noe powers could move him, & w th the same
strength could drawe both earth & seas vnto him, all
things by that attraction turninge readilie to his pleasure :
that chaine w th vs is Justice, the equitie & pietie of our
Love, Justice, both humane & divine, that same w ch is
columna et corona reip, princlplum principts tnsigne : vnicum
regnorum columen as Pla. Aug. & Plu. terme it, & as
Solomon, that by w ch all thrones & scepters are establisht :
therw th . all things are drawne & vnited to our Jupiter ; the
earth, the Seas, the Elements, the whole masse & body of
the k m . & each parte & member in his sphear turning by
affection & moving to his pleasure, naie God that moves
them all & on whom all power depends, is therby linkt
vnto him, & fastned to his aid ; yet this chaine this strength
they would dissolve, both by division & fraction in each
parte, that by breaking the vnitie therof, they might likewise
breake the entitie of this k m : the linkes of w ch it is composd
consist of rell. & o r lib: w th mutuall & reciprocall reflec-
tions involvd & woven in each other ; in both w ch they
have attempted & sought by violenc, to force it. in rell. the
lawes they have let downe to the purpose of our enemyes,
& iustice made a sacrifice to their wills, not only in remis-
sion of the less penalties of pop. but in the highest &

'3*

SUPPLEMENT.

constat vim
Judicium non
esse regiam
Mate, sed
legum custodem
&c. plat. p. 559.

greatest of their dangers, the forfeitures y e treason ag 9t . their
preists & les. & that vpon the bouldest & highest of their
workes, the settling of their Coll. amongst vs & the evills
incident to that. In libertie, all antient rights & priviledges
neglected, naie the sacred rights & priviledges of this pi., &
that not in a part or member, some pticuler of immunitye
but in the generall, the whole ; & that not by a transient
act to impeach it for a time, but by a Judgm 1 . positive &
definit, w th the formes of all legalitye for ever to condemne
it. 6 the horror & execration it deserves, that they who
have the patronage of Justice & tuition of the lawes, or
rather, should be, (as more properly it were said) even the
lawe & Justice in it selfe, should soe adiudge ag st . all lawe
& Justice & seeke to stop that fountaine from whence these
streames doe flowe ! this is truly, as one of themselves ex-
prest in the passage of that iudgm 4 , exuere personam iudicis,
et Induere personam delinquents ; or sub persona ludicls agere
delinquentem^ in the forme & figure of an Angell to act
another parte. These are the Tytans (for soe Cicero calls
all impugners of the lawe, not such as breake it [in] some
points, but those that would ruine it in all) these make a
warr ag st . our Jupiter, & seeke the subversion of his K m . by
vndermining of rell: by vndermining of the liberties ; by
corrupting of his Justice & pietie, in these w ch are the base
& sure foundation wheron it does subsist.

& in the attempt, they have brought it to a difficulty,
what eye sees not the hasard ? how does the Ch. labor w th
the danger she is in, & rell. shew her feaver ? how does the
Comw. suffer in his saftie, when his pillars are thus weakend ?

SUPPLEMENT. 133

& the indeavor cannot be, as formerly it has, to repaire the
breach by par. but the indeavor of the par. (such is the
exegenc & necessity) must be brought to a compass of
more straitness how to repaire herselfe. the difficultie, in
either is apparant, I need not to dilate it, w ch shews the
danger, the chrisis we are in, & soe the resemblance likewise
of this Giantlike attempt is continued in that pointe. the
issue, I hope, wilbe the same and the same consequence
shall follow it ; the deiection of these Titans & the demo-
lition of their works ; the happiness & tranquillity of the
K m , the honor & securitie of the K.

that comes now in question, & is the subiect of this day,
for w ch y r aides & assistances are crav'd : & to this end
likewise we may well compare y r LP S . to that great power
of Gods that stood in succor of their Jupiter, ffor y u are
some Marses, gods of warr ; y u are some Apollos, gods of
wisdome ; y u are some Minervas, excellent in both ; y u
have a god of Treasure also, a god of riches ; & y u have
y r Mercuries, Ambassadors; & of the Demigods, great
officers, great ministers to assist y u ; what more can be
thought needfull for defence ? or expected in this aide ?
y u are that full power w ch antiently prevaild to support the
throne of Jupiter, & have like abilitie at this time to main-
taine the state & dignitie of o r Sovr. vf ch against all assaults
& machinations of these Titans, I hope will ever be im-
pregnable." *

* Cf. p. 128, 1. 5 (from bottom) onward as bracketed, which is crossed
out in the MS. but retained, as offering variations of the text ut supra. G.
II. T

134- SUPPLEMENT

Now comes one of the great Speeches in the 2nd ses-
sion of the 3rd Parliament after Buckingham's assassina-
tion by Felton. It is a privilege to be able to reproduce
it :

Folios 50 51. "I presume y u will easily beleeve what sad affections did

possess me when w th y r leaves & favors I last pted henc :
I must heer acknowledg the like passions hould me now
though in a different respect, when in observation of the
times, I reflect vpon that thats past, weigh the psent state
& but looke towards the future, itt affects me w th terror
and amasement, not in pticular for my self but generally
for all, both w th sorrow & astonishment.

It is well knowne (noe ptence can pardon it) that in all
our late actions forreign or domesticke, nothing is success-
full ; & in the forreign it is some doubt whether o'r tongues
or swords have drawne the greater losses. By treaty we
lost much, much in perticuler to ourselves, much to our
allies (besides the reinforcment of our enemies) w 011 the
daies of quiet did steale from vs ; and by our armes we have
likewise lost, lost of our selves, lost of our allianc & still we
are in losing our frinds, our ships, our men, (6 who has
tears to number them, whose sorrowes can recount them
w ch in these late times have been lost) : our reputation, our
honor is also gone, w ch was the very secret of this nation &
by w ch even miracles have beene wrought : naie our religion
is in hasard, not at home & heer ; yet almost every wher
abroad, & when that light is extinct in all the world besides
I will submitt it to y r iudgments how long we shall enioye

SUPPLEMENT 135

it. our ffathers y u know were happie, & we have scene
felicity our selves, soe late it was amongst vs, when all our
neighbours tooke comfort in our frindships : but now (such
is the alteration, such is the change we suffer that) we are
not only vnfortunat in our selves, but to our frinds disas-
trous ; an occasion of their miseries, but not of power to
help them.

the Rhodians have a story of their Hand, that when
Jupiter was delivered of Pallas it rain'd ther gould in great
abundance, w ch they morall thus. Pallas (soe borne) signi-
fying both prowess & pollicy, martiall worth & wisdome,
& that wisdome both human & divine implying not only
information for the affairs of men but in the service &
worship of the Gods, w ch virtues (they say) being added to
their Princes, their Jupiters, & by them made active, inti-
mated in the delivery, they were alwayes prosperous &
happie, full of the abundance of all wealth & honors ; w ch
fable & morall my thinks may have iust application to vs,
& some instruction for this purpose. Rhodes taken as this
Hand, the proper seat oth Gods, wherin when action
'has' beene added vnto Counsell, & Counsell ioynd to
action ; when religion & resolution have beene mett, what
have we wanted, of that felicity or good w ch wealth or
honor could import ? wisdome alone, Apollo has not satis-
fied, Mars has beene too weake, but both their virtues
meeting w th religion & concurring in that center (as in the
person of one Pallas) never have faild in all our chronocles
& stories to give vs both riches & reputation, the true
showers of gould mention'd in the fable, wherin ther is one

136 SUPPLEMENT.

thing more observable/ not vnworthie of the Antients, that
this Pallas, this excellencie, this nurse of happiness & feli-
city, was not begotten by Jupiter in himself, but first con-
ceavd by Metis (w ch signifies Counsell) and being by her
made ready then resumd by Jupiter into his owne head, &
soe brought foorth. has our Metis, now, our Counsell
beene pregnant in this age ? have the children of these
times beene like to her Minerva ? in the late daies of
peace we were all treaty w th out action, Mercuric was de-
livered, & y u know what effects it had ; in these now Mars
y u see is borne whose successes are as ill ; but in all what
Pallas is discovered, what Palladium can be found ? wher
has beene y* center of religion to w ch their motions should
have turnd ? what large circumferences have beene made
vpon the extension of that pointe ? if ther should be a
strickt accompt therof taken in perticulars, I beleeve, ther
would be found the like addition to their items, as Timo-
theus made for ffortune, & in this Metis had noe share,
noe S r . it is too manifest & in some it is acknowledgd, in
others not deniable, that not Metis, but a wrong mother
first did breed them, & from her fals conceptions have pro-
ceeded all these abortive issues we complaine of. But
perchance it wilbe said that mother is now dead, the fear
of that is gone, therfore heerafter it wilbe better, we may
now resume new hopes ; & thus I presume many men
conceave ; but for my part I cannot yet discerne it (&
shall never stick to render my doubts open to this house,
from whose wisdome only I must looke for satisfaction)
though our Achan be cutt off the accursed thing remaynes ;

SUPPLEMENT. 137

the babilonishe garment is yet left w* 11 Achan first brought
in, & whilest that is w th vs, what hopes or expectations can
we have ? While the papists, the Arminians, & their Sec-
taries have countenance ; while these men are in favor,
while such are in preferment ; while they stand so neer the
elboe of the K. that they have power, (& in their owne
cases) to impeach the creditt of this house, how can it be
but the men of Aye must chase vs & god will not be turnd
from the feircness of his wrath : for from thenc it comes
that we are soe vnfortunat, vnfortunat abroad, vnfortunat
at home, in these meetings still vnfortunat : a mefactum est y
is the motto that he gives ; all the crosses that doe happen,
are but as his corrections, when for want of duty & sin-
cerity in his service, man drawes vpon himself the furie of
his anger. I doubt not but the vnhappiness is confest of
w ch this surely is the cause, for pVention wherof in our
future labors I shall desire that we may first seeke to make
our reconciliation w th God, & according to the psidents &
pietye of former meetings humble our selves before him,
to w ch end my motion shall conclude that ther may
be &c.

M r Sp r I could wishe these things had proceeded from
some other, & I had then beene silent ; but failing in that
desire, & weighing the necessity of the cause, it being for
the honor of the K. for the saftie of the kingdome : for
the assurance of our frinds, the support of our religion, I
could not but against all difficulties resolve as Cicero did in
the like, quemvis mallem suscipere quam me y me autem quam
neminem."

i 3 8 SUPPLEMENT.

Eheu! Only a fragment survives of a still greater
Speech on religion :

Folios 52-53. " the like I read of Gratian, (& I beseech y u well observe
it. for in something it comes neerer to the analogic of these
times) who, did not onlie make such a signification for the
present, but reduc't it to a lawe transmissive to posterity,
w ch the civilians can testifie from their bookes, wherin
both the act, & reason is exprest, w ch saies that his rescripts
should in nothing be observd when they were contrary to
Justice & repugnant to the Lawes, )uia inverecunda peten-
tium inhiatione Principes s&pe constringuntur vt non con-
cedenda concedant ; w ch expression is soe full, made by soe
great a prince, soe great in power & wisdome, confessing
the abuses he was subiect to, even to be constraind through
the petulance & importunity of his ministers to acts not
worthie of himself, that w th out preiudice to their order,
naie, in their favor & advantage, the same opinion may
be held of the princes that now are, & soe of our deer
Sover : whose goodness most does warrant it, & w ch is the
conclusion I would come to ; that if such things have
protection by his name, w ch in the least pointe are not
answearable to his pietie & iustice, we should thinke invere-
cunda petentium inhiatione, aut se ignoto, they are done,
either w th out his knowledg or through the misinformation
& importunity of some that are about him ; & soe this
declaration that is publisht by w ch more danger is portended
then in all has beene before, ffor in the rest, in all other

SUPPLEMENT. 139

perticulers of our fears concerning Poperie or Arminianism
we are endanger'd by degrees, the evills approching by
gradation, one serving as a preparation to another ; but in
this, like an invndation they breake on vs, soe impetuously
& violent, that, leaving art & circumstance, by plaine force
they threaten at once, to overwhelme vs, ffor, I beseech y u
marke it, the articles containe the grounds of our religion ;
the letter of those articles (as the declaration does confess)
implies a doubtfull sence ; the application of that makes
the difference of our adversaries : the interpretation is re-
ferrd to the iudgment of the prelates, who havetherby the
concession of a power to doe anie thing for the mainte-
nance of the truth, w ch truth (as I said) being conteined in the
articles, & they having double sence vpon w ch the differences
arise, it is in them to order it w ch way they please, & soe,
for ought I know, to bring in Poperie or Arminianisme, to
w ch we must submit. Is it a light thing to have the Canon
of Religion rest in the disposition of these men ? should
the rules & principles of our faith be squard by their affec-
tions ? I honor both their persons & professions, but give
me leave to saie the truth, [what] we have in question, is
not mans but Gods, &, god forbid, that man should now be
made to iudge it. I remember a character & observation
I have seen in a Dlarie of Edward. 6. that young prince ap d S r . R. C.
of famous memorie, vnder his owne hand writing of the
quality of the B? s of his time, w ch saies that some for sloath,
some for age, some for ignorance, some for luxurie, some for
poperie, some for all these, were vnfittfor discipline & gover-

140 SUPPLEMENT.

ment. I hope it is not/ soe w th ours : I make noe applica-
tion; but we know not what may be heerafter & this
reference is intended to the order, not the persons. I speake
it not by way of aspersion to our church, I am not such a
sonne to seeke the dishonor of my mother (farr be it from
me to blemishe that reputation I would vindicate) she has
such children in the Hierarchic as may be ffathers to all
ages, who shine in virtue, like those faithfull witnesses in
heaven, of whom we may vse that elogie w ch Seneca did
of Caenius, that it be noe preiudice to their meritts quod
nostris temporibus natl sunt. But they are not all such, I
fear : witness those two complaind of in the last remon-
strance we exhibited, & y u know what place they have :
witness likewise Mountague, soe newly now preferrd : (I
reverence the order though I honor not the man) & others
might be namd of the same backe & leven, to whose iudg-
ments, if our religion were committed, it might easilie be
discernd what resolution they would give ; wherof, ev'n
the procuring of that referenc this manifesto to be made
is a perfect demonstration.

This S r I have given y u as my apprehension in this
pointe, mov'd both by my dutie to y r service & religion ;
& therin, as a symbole of my hart, some thing by way of
addition I could grant to the humor of our adversaries
even the admission of some ceremonies, those great idolls
w ch they worship ; that ceremonie I meane w ch the Eastern
churches vsd of standing at the repetition of the creed ; &
not onlie soe to testifie their purpose to maintaine it ; but
(as some had it) w th their swords drawne, signifying the

SUPPLEMENT 141

constancie and readiness of their resolutions to live & die in
that profession : w ch resolution I hope we have w th as much
constancie assum'd, &, on all occasions shall as faithfullie
discharge it, not valuing our lives wher the adventure may
be riecessarie for the defence of our Soveraigne, for the de-
fence of our Countrie, for the defence of our religion : &
this the more earnestlie I deliver for an intimation to our
enemies, that they may see from hence what wilbe the
issue of their plotts, who by innovation of religion strike
at the saftie of the State, & soe seeke to vndermine both
Church & King, & Countrie. But, I hope god will direct
vs to prevent it, now the danger is disco ver'd (& to that
end my expressions have beene aym'd) wherin to come to
a conclusion (all other waies laid by that may be intricat,
or confus'd) Let vs proceed vpon the grounds alreadie
laid, that knowne truth we have profest, not admitting
questions or disputes, but enquiring who offende against it ;
whose actions, whose doctrines, whose discourses have
beene in preiudice therof ; vpon these let vs proceed to
examine, to adiudge them : Let their punishments be
made exemplarie to others : let these speake the meritts
of our cause : they are now actions & not words, that
must secure vs against the bouldness & corruption of these
times ; for to that disease & sickness, this is the proper
medicine. And thus, w th my wonted freedome having
presumed vpon your patienc thus suddainlie to express my
self in soe high & great a cause, according to the narrow
comprehension of my thoughts, I have given y u the weake
reasons I conceive to shew the danger that's towards vs, &

II. U

SUPPLEMENT.

the prevention it may have, wherin craving w th all humilitie
y r pardons, I submitt to y r grave Judgments & soe leave it
to the consideration of the house."

Finally here we have a Protest drawn up by Eliot and
in his handwriting, on the Dissolution of the 3 d Parlia-
ment :

Fol. 54-55. "The miserable condition we are in both in matter of

rell: & poll: makes me looke w 01 a tender eye & fearfull
apprehensions both on the K. & sub 1 . y u know how our
rel: is attempted ; how Arminianism like a secret pioner
vndermines it, & poperie like a strong enemie comes soe
on, as it gives, even, a terror to the Lawe ; that perticular
of the Jesuits concerning their plantation, their new colledg
heer amongst vs, w th the other things incident to that, w ch
our late disquitions have laid open, are such a demonstra-
tion & evidence, & soe manifestly doe shew, in a short
veiwe, the power & bouldness of that faction, that not to
see the danger we are in, were not to know the being
that we have ; not to confess, not to endeavor to prevent
it, were to be conscious & partners of the crime, partners
of that evill, w ch would conclude vs guiltie, guiltie of the
breach & violation of all dutye, our dutie towards god, our
dutie to the K., our dutie to our Countrie : nor is this
danger only in these men, who are soe active of themselves,
soe industrious to evill, as I thinke noe sound man will
iudge, that they portend or can be instruments of, our
good, I meane these Jesuits, whose virtues are soe knowne

SUPPLEMENT. 143

that they have beene banisht almost from all States els in
christendome & now come for Sanctuarie heer to vs j these
men I say, are not the whole cause of the danger we are
in, w ch yet were not little, though depending meerly vpon
them, but it is inlargd by the concurrenc of their fautors,
by whose countenance & means they were introduc't,
those that have the power & superintendence of lawe, &
dare check the magistrat in the execution of all justice:
from them likewise comes another line of danger w ch points
at the center of our hopes, our religion, & from these
streames do flowe the causes of our sufferings, our interrup-
tions in this place ; their guilt & fear of punishment cast
vs vpon these rocks, having noe confidenc or security in
themselves but what they drawe from our trouble & dis-
turbance, there are amongst them some prelates of the
churche, w ch all ages have had ready for innovation & dis-
turbance, though I fear this time more then anie, the BP of
Winchester & his fellowes doe confirme it, of whom it is
apparant what they have done, what practises they have
vsd to cast an aspersion on the K., to draw his pietie into
question, to give the world ielosie of that, nor are these all,
but it extends to others who in like guilt and conscienc of
themselves doe ioyne their force w th them to draw his Ma te
likewise into ielosie of the parliam te . amongst them I shall
not sticke to name that great Lo. Trer & to say that I fear
in his person is contracted the verie roote & principle of
these evills : I finde him building vpon the ould grounds &
foundations w ch were laid by the D. of Buckingham his
great master : his Counsells I am doubtful begatt that sad

144 SUPPLEMENT.

issue of the last session, & from that cause, that vnhappie
conclusion was contracted, (but for preparation to his
reward this note let me give him by the way, that who
ever have occasiond such publicke breach in parl ts , for their
privat interests & respects, the felicitye has not lasted to a
perpetuitie of that power, but in the end parl ts have broke
them, the fates in that holdinge correspondencie w to Justice,
w ch the examples of all ages doe confirme). but to returne
to the consideration of our dangers, wherein I deduce not
the reason from the affections only of that Lo: of w ch their
is soe large an indication ; but his relations likewise doe
express it, his acts, & operations in their course : does he
not strive to make himself & already is become the head
of all the papists ? have not their priests & Jesuits dailie
entercourse w th him ? I doubt not but a fewe daies, even
in the secrets, will discover it, what plotts & machinations
they have laid ; vpon w ch if y u please to spend a little exami-
nation, the proofe I am confident wilbe such as will fix it
indubitablie vpon him. from whence it may be scene by
what influenc & powers are causd our dangers in religion.
In pollicie, wherein like fear is apprehended, the demon-
stration is as easie, (I can but touch it in respect of the
straitness we are in) in that great question of to. and po.*
the interest w ch is pretended for the K. is but the interest
of that person & that vsd as an engine for the removing
of our trade, w ch cannot but subvert the goverment &
K m . it was a counsell long since given against vs by Hospi-

* Tonnage and poundage. G.

SUPPLEMENT. 145

talis, Chancelor to Charles the 9 th of ffrance, that the way
to debilitat this state, the way to weaken & infirme it, &
soe to make it fitt for conquest & invasion, was not by
attempt by outward strength to force it but first to im-
peach the trade, to hinder or divert it ; to stop it in our
hands or to turne it into others, & soe lay waste our walls,
these wodden-walls our ships, that both fortifie & enriche
vs ; w ch counsell is now in practise, & that intention brought
to act, w ch , though it yett be shadowd by disguise & now
stand mask't before vs, I doubt not but a few daies will
open & discover, & the purpose wilbe plaine that in this
worke is meant our ruine & destruction & to that end
strangers are invited to drive our trade, or at least our
marchants to trade in strangers bottomes, w ch wilbe equally
as dangerous ; the guilt wherof imprints a fear vpon his
conscienc w ch makes him misinterpret our proceedings, mis-
represent them to his Ma te ; & therefore it is fitt (as true
Englishmen) for vs, in discharge of our duties in this case,
to shew the affection that we have to the honor & saftie
of our Soveraigne ; to shew our affection to religion,
& to the rights and interests of the sub 1 ., to declare our
purpose to maintaine them, & our resolutions to live &
die in their defence : that soe, like our ffathers, we may
preserve our selves as freemen, & by that freedome keep
abilitie for the supplie & supportation of his Ma tie , when
our services may be needfull : to w ch end this paper was
conceavd & has' this scope & meaning that

Wheras by the antient lawes & liberties of England it
is the knowne birthright & inheritance of the

146 SUPPLEMENT.

sub*, that noe taxe, tollage, or other charge should
be levied or imposd but by common consent in par*.
& that the Subsidies of to. & po. are noe waie due
or paiable but by a free gifte & speciall Act of
par*, as they were granted to our late Sover. K. J.
of blessed memory, by whose death they ceased &
determined ; & yet notw th standing they have since
beene levied & collected contrary to the said lawes
& liberties of the Kingdome & to the great preiudice
& violation of the rights & priviledges of par*., w ch
said levies & collections have beene formerly heer
declared to be an effect of some new Counsells
against the antient & settled course of goverment
& tending to an innovation therin, & are still
an apparant demonstration of the same. The C:
therfore now assembled in par*., being thervnto
iustly occasioned for the defence & maintenance of
their rights & the said lawes & liberties of the
Kingdome doe make this protestation followinge,
That if any minister or officer whatsoever shall
heerafter counsell or advise the levying or collection
of the said subsidies of to. & po. or other charges,
contrary to the Lawe ; or shall exact, receave or
take the same, not being granted or established by
speciall Act of Par*, that they will not only esteeme
them (as they were stiled by K. J.) vipers & pests;
but also heerby doe declare them to be capitoll
enemies of this Kingdome & Commonwealth, &
that they will heerafter, as occasion shalbe offred

SUPPLEMENT. 147

vpon complaint therof in par 1 ., proceed to inflict
vpon them the highest punishm 1 w ch the lawes ap-
pointe to any offender. And if any Marchant or
other shall voluntarily yeeld or pay the said subsidies
or charges, not granted, as aforesaid, they herby
further protest & declare that vpon like complainte
therof they will w th out any favor proceed likewise
against them as accessories to the said offences. "

From folio 56 to folio 90 are nine batches of ' Prece-
dents ' upon a variety of subjects of high historical import,
collected by Eliot and personally transcribed by him. On
folio 91 are written and pencilled memoranda on freedom
of debate. On folios 93-4 is the Protest submitted by him
in Court at the close of the legal proceedings against him
in 1629.

On folios 97-9 are fragments of Speeches that were not
spoken. In my judgment they are of rare interest and
weight, as thus :

" As I consider the occasion & this day, I am diversly Fol. 96-97.
affected & have such different & contrary apprehensions
w th in me as I hardly know what expression I may give
them", the occasion of it self, the accusation of the Att.,
the bill or information i'th Starch [amb] r . (to the substanc
& materialls wherof it is now expected I should speake by
way of answear & apologie, that soe it may bee scene vpon
the imputations ther laid, whither I shalbe worthie of a
place & favor in your service, & the house neither in point
of iustice nor of honor receave a preiudice by the admission)

14.8 SUPPLEMENT.

this occasion (I say) this attempt of proceeding in Star ch r .
this bill or information of the Att r . caused y i the bill,
casting such dire aspects vpon the servants & members of
this house, & w til soe great an influence into the affaires &
business of parl*, like a strange Meteor or constellation
does affright me, vnder whose powers I move not w th out
fear or wonder, yet this fear I apphend not for my self
nor can it be soe narrowly contracted in him that does pre-
ferr the consideration of the publick, but for y r interests I
fear, for the respects & interests of this house, for the
respects & interests of the K m , the publicke & common
interests of all, for these I confes 8 a terror has possest me
drawne from the observation of that bill, w cb like a pro-
digie does threaten ruine & destruction, ffor if y u veiw it
in consideration of the Act or y e concommitanc that went
w th it, or in the effect & operation that it had, or in the
consequence & success it may induce, y u shall finde it soe
violently assaulting the rights & priviledges of this house &
soe fully shaking the bases & foundation of the parP.

Soe violently assaulting the rights & priviledges of this
house, soe cunningly vndermininge the lawes & libertyes
of the King, as at once it shakes the bases & foundations
of o r hopes

Fol. 98-99. the vse & preparation of this day, does render me diversly

affected ; as I drawe it to the consideration of my selfe &
those respects that relate to my poore interests, to my
private, it affects me, as a birth day or some time of
triumphe & festivity full of all happiness & ioye : but it
turning to the publ., as I take this reflection from this

SUPPLEMENT. 14.9

house & therin [the] prospect of the king m . w ch heer is re-
presented, it gives me fear & terror ; such apprehensions
as were held of the Nefasti, w ch for their fate & omen the
Romans would have blotted from their Calendar. To me
(for my pticular) what could be more happy ? what more
to be desired vpon a charge & accusation laid ag st me then
to receave it heer, heer to meet my adversary, in this place
to be admitted to my answear, w th in these walls to make
the defenc & apologie [for] myne innocenc, wher such an
integritie is profest as makes y r Justice in these times even
famous to a wonder ? this, what ever matter were suggested
were I confesse the favor I could wishe for j but on this
occasion w ch is movd in this individuall accusation, w ch
speakes only of the affaires & business of parl*., of the
passages & proceedings of this house, the preparations &
actions of the members, what could come more properly,
what more happily to y r servant on an accusation of that
nature, for matters done in parl 1 , heer in parl*. to answear,
wher for the most part I presume the same integrities I
shall have both for my witnesses & Judges ? "

We now pass into the ' prison ' of the Tower ; and
we find a Speech composed there for that Parliament
which came not during the writer's life. It is given
(modernized) by Forster (vol. ii. pp. 700-704).

Next, we have the 'Apology for Socrates' (folios 104-
130). Then succeed Fragments and Studies of a philo-
sophical treatise (folios 132-176). Thoughts (i), a Frag-
ment, being hints and foreshadowings of the ' Monarchic of

II. X

SUPPLEMENT.

Man' (folio 178) : (2), a Fragment on the Government
of Israel (folios 180-1) : (3), a Fragment on Concord and
Discord (folios 182-4) : (4)> Verses transcribed by Eliot
(folio 1 86). The last is so congruous with Sir John
Eliot's ' grave, sweet ' piety, that I give it. The initials
R. J. represent Richard James, B.D., Sir John's special
friend :'

Fo i t Ig6 " Deer Lord, by whom in darke wombe's shade

I am to fear & wonder made,
Learne me what part I am to bear
on this worlds Stage & theatre.
Miters & Crosiers are not things
that give to my ambition wings :
ffor this I ne're did Mammon woo
nor flatter one great Lord or two,
but w th a simple diett fed
Scarce cloath'd & frinded w th a bed,
But was content in midle ranks
of meaner sorte, to veiw the pranks,
& feats of men, more active, who
are better pleasd in what they doe
then I, who scepticklie scarce dare
of Bear, of Lion, or of Hare,
or the worse race of Malepard.
Lowd speake what I have scene or heard ;
yet thrice I have beene hal'd before
our Ephorisms of State, full sore,

1 See my edition of James's Poems, pp. 224/5 (' vo ^ 4- to - J 88o).

SUPPLEMENT.

against my will : & sure I must

before to tiringe roome of dust

I turne, instruct some scene, I give

my name to storie whils't I Live.

Then, whither on Italian stage,

or Englishe, free or forc't, I rage,

or steale a silent part ; Let bee

Deere Lord my sowles rest ever free.

As of Calanus, Let none saie

trulie of me another daie,

that I, well scene in antique Lore

did other Lords then God adore." " Expl'

" R. J."

Such are the remarkable things brought together in a
single noble folio at Port Eliot. In many ways they
have enabled me to supplement the MSS. -proper of these
volumes. The Reader will find it rewarding to study the
Speeches in the light of Forster's narrative in the ' Bio-
graphy,' but sooth to say, his perverse fashion (as in all his
works, e.g. lives of Landor, Dickens, Swift, etc. etc.) of
splitting into fragments and bits the perfected Speeches
and Letters is irritating, and could only be counteracted by
giving as herein the continuous and complete MSS.

I must add that another (folio) MS. volume at Port
Eliot consists of Notes made by Eliot (entirely holograph)
of proceedings during the sittings of the First and Second
Parliaments of Charles the First. Many appear to have
been transcribed from the Clerk's Journals, then, of course,
unpublished. In these Notes are also included particulars

i S SUPPLEMENT.

of interest and importance, as to which there is no other
known authentic record. Broadly, we have in these Notes
the raw material out of which sprang Negotium Posterorum.
I regret that I cannot find space for quotations from it.
Similarly I must leave untouched a still bulkier (folio) MS.
entitled " Collections by and concerning Sir John Eliot,
1622-29, anc ^ ms Eldest Son, 1646-59." This noble
tome contains the material (as before) for both Negotium
Posterorum ' Tomus Primus ' and ' Tomus Secundus.'
The following is written on a fly-leaf by Forster : " Up
to p. 271 the contents of this vol. relate to Eliot : after to
his son. It contains many interesting Collections of the
date of the Parliaments in which Eliot sat, both of James
and Charles : some wholly transcribed by him (as in the
opening), others largely noted. At pp. 139-162 are the
Depositions in the Enquiry against Eliot's conduct in his
Vice-admiralty. At pp. 169-70 is the Report of the
Committee on the famous Cornwall Election, with mar-
ginal notes and additions in the handwriting of Sir Robert
Cotton, chairman of the Committee. At pp. 94-96, at
p. 168, at pp. 175-84, and at pp. 212-19 are Notes wholly
in Eliot's hand relating to matters of Enquiry in Parlia-
ment affecting himself, Selden and Suffolk, and other
affairs. P. 248 is in Luke's writing. Pp. 233-43 include
curious Notes of the Arguments on Eliot's case in the
King's Bench, with interlineations and additions by him-
self." The more's the pity that any such weighty and
authentic historical documents should be left in the hazards
of MS. only !

I. NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

I. NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

* # * Classical and familiar historical names and events home and
foreign are not annotated only such as seemed to require
some information for the ' General Reader.' Noticeable words
are recorded. G.

VOL. I.

Page 3, 1. II, ' expiation ' = satisfaction, atonement.

3, 1. 1 6, ' converted* = summoned retained in 'con-
vention ' still. Now ' convened.'
5, 1. 7 (from bottom), ' deprave * depreciate. For
a historical use of the word see any edi-
tion of Dr. Sibbes's Works, s. v.
II, 'intention* = fixedness of attention. Cf.

p. 15, 1. 5 (from bottom), et alibi.
2, ' delation* So p. 27, 1. 7, ' delate.* = accu-
sation a technical term of the Civil
Law.

leuen * = leaven. Cf. Dr. W. A.
Wright's < Word-Book of the English
Bible,' s. n.

7>
8,

8, 1. 2,

156 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

Pageio, 1. 7 (from/ bottom), and p. 13, 1. 6, et alibi,

' Rketra ' = maxim or saying in law.
12, 1. 3, 'sad 9 = serious, solemn : 1. 12, c inducement*
= statement of facts alleged by way of
explanation to other material facts. So
' induce 9 p. 57, 1. 4 (from bottom).

12, 1. 3 (from bottom), ' ought 9 = owed.

13, 1. 13, 'fact' = act, deed.

14, 1. 1 8, 'actual' actuated: 1. 4 (from bottom),

' partie ' = person, individual. So p. 16,
1. 10 (from bottom), et alibi.

15, 1. 6, ' annibil 9 = transition-form of ' annihilate ' :

1. 15, ' inter diccon ' = interdict, arrest of
procedure : 1. 16, ' Catastrophe ' = end,
exit : 1. 3 (from bottom), ' retentions '
in antithesis to ' intentions ' = memories
or remembrances. Cf. p. 17, 1. 10.

1 6, 1. 17, ' deliction ' = dereliction : or qu. = delict ?

17, 1. 14, ' confirringe 9 = conferring: or qu. con-

firming ?

1 8, 1. 6 (from bottom), ' deductit' = deduced.

20, 1. 4 (from bottom), 'denunciation ' = solemn or
formal declaration.

24, 1. I, ' avoid' = make void.

26, 1. 2 (from bottom), 'affective' = affects, or ex-
cites emotion.

27, 1. II, ' sociats ' = associates, fellows.

29, 1. 3 (from bottom), ' Elege ' = lamentation : or
eulogy ?

NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 157

Pa g e 35> 1- 4 'Metis.' Cf. vol. ii. p. 136, 11. 4, 6 : 1. 3
(from bottom), * checker ' = exchequer.

36, 1. 8, ' Embrlone ' = first rudiments.

37, 1. 8, 'censure' = judgment. General Index, s. v.,

and for a curious illustration of its changed

meaning see vol. i. p. 106, 1. i.
41, 1. 6 (from bottom), 'prestigious ' = juggling

trickery. Cf. General Index, s. v.
43, 1. 15, ' desposorio's ' = disposorios, /. e. ceremony

of betrothal (Spanish) : 1. 3 (from bottom),

'Chevr'es' = Chevreuse.
44, 1. 1 8, c diffidence ' = doubt, hesitation concerning.

46, 1. 13, 'poole of Bethesda,' St. John, c. v. : 1. 15,

' prevent' = anticipate, come before.

47, 1. II (from bottom), ( nullities' = nothings, lack-

ing legal force : CREWE. Sergeant Crewe
was Sir Thomas Crewe, younger brother
of Sir Ranulph Crewe, Lord Chief Jus-
tice. He was Speaker of the last Par-
liament of James I. and first of Charles I.
(1625). He died Feb. i, 1633/4, in his
68th year. His eldest son was created
by Charles II. Lord Crewe of Stene.

48, 1. 2 (from bottom), * rubbs ' = hindrances. So

in King John (iii. 4),". . . . each little
rub out of the path : " and Richard II.
(iii. 4), " the world is full of rubbs,"
&c. &c. &c.
52, 1. 17, ' Locusts' This designation of the Jesuits =

II. Y

i 5 8 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

Papists, recalls that Phineas Fletcher gave
the name of ' Locustes ' to his remarkable
poem studied by Milton against the
Church of Rome. See my edition of
his Poems (4 vols., Fuller Worthies' Li-
brary). " The Locustes or Apollyonists: "
Latin and English. 1627. 4to.

Page 54, 1. 17, ' orbicular' = form of an orb : 1. 21, ' com-
plexion ' = temperament : 1. 25, ' arti-
fciallle ' = with art, skilfully : 1. 28,
' commensuration ' = measure or measure-
ment.

59, 1. 20, ' resent ' resentment, either in transition-
form or written contractedly : 1.2,' pre-
tended ' not as implying hypocritical ac-
ceptance.

60, 1. 9 (from bottom] , ( preachers were design' a" [= de-
signated] for both. No capable historical
student will regret examination of the
large collections of the ' public ' and ' fast '
Sermons of the great Puritan Preachers.
It is a mystery to me that modern His-
torians do not more resort to these.
They are packed with the thoughts that
were in the air and the emotion that
made many hearts beat slow or fast ;
while there are universally personal and
local allusions that are of rarest interest
as manners-painting.

NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 159

Page 6 1, SIR JOHN SAVILL or Savile of Howley, York-
shire. He was created Baron Savile of
Pontefract, 21 July, 1628, and died in
1630. His son was created Earl of Sus-
sex, which title became extinct in 1671.

62, 1. 5 (from bottom), ' indue 'd' = adduced. See
under * inducement ' on p. 12, 1. 12.

64, 1. 13, 'contestation' = contest, debate: 1. 6,
' BriariuSf Briareus Eliot spelled his
Latin much as he did his English.

77, SIR ROBERT PHELIPS, Kt. M.P. for Somerset-
shire in ist and 2nd Parliaments of
Charles I. He was of the family of
Phelips of Montacute, co. Somerset, still
there. He was eldest son of Sir Edward
Phelips, Speaker of the House of Com-
mons. Died 1638. It is surely lament-
able that no worthy Memoir of this pre-
eminent man has been furnished.

8 1 , 1. 1 3, ' winter towness. ' Sic, but = Winterton Ness :
SIR SYMON HARVIE knighted at Theo-
balds Oct. 3, 1623, being then Remem-
brancer of the King's Household. He
was buried at Isleworth, Middlesex, Dec.
4, 1628. Villiers wanted to marry his
daughter Christophe, whilst Sir Simon
was Lord Mayor. So Mr. Gardiner
informs me. Ibid., SIR JOHN MILDRAM
= Sir John Meldrum. See Col. Chester's

i6o NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

"Westminster Abbey Registers " (p. 13),
and note. He was a courtier who got a
grant of tolls for a lighthouse at Winter-
tonness, on which there was much to-
do in the Parliament of 1621. See
Debates.
Page 83, 1. 12, ' Pennie? Sic, but = Binnie.

87, 1. 8, * intreatment* = treatment. All such pre-
fixing of ' in/ &c. &c., to be noted, in
relation to Shakespeare and the crux of
the Sonnet-deduction.

89, 1. 20, ' absolved.' Sic, but = absolved.

94, SIR FRANCIS SEYMOUR younger son of Edward

Lord Beauchamp. He was created Feb.
19, 1640-1, Baron Seymour of Trow-
bridge. He died July 12, 1664, and was
buried at Bedwin, Wilts. His grandson
Charles, became sixth Duke of Somerset,
known as the " Proud Duke."

95, 1. 21, ' venie ' = venue in law, a neighbourhood

or place.

96, 1. 10, 'practises ' = malpractice or evil arts. So

p. 133,1. 2.

97, 1. 4 (from bottom), 'protraction' = drawing out,

delay.

1 04, 1. 9, ' senfiarum ' = sen^wtiarum : SIR WILLIAM
COPE 2nd Bart.of Brewerne, co. Oxon.
son of Sir Anthony Cope, ist Bart.
sometime M,P. for Banbury, and after-

NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 161

wards for the county of Oxford. He
died Aug. 2, 1637, aged 60.
Page 1 09, 1. 6, ' cunctatlon 9 = delay.

1 10, 1. 10, 'priv ado's ' = secret friend (in a bad sense) :
SIR HUMPHREY MAY. See Col. Ches-
ter's "Westminster Abbey Registers"
(p. 129), and note.

113, SIR JOHN COKE of Melbourne, co. Derby,
2nd son of Richard Coke of Trusley
sometime Secretary of the Navy, after-
wards Master of the Requests and Secre-
tary of State M.P. for Cambridge in
ist Parliament of Charles I. He con-
tinued in public life till 1639, when he
retired to Melbourne, where he died
Sept. 8, 1644, in his 82nd year.

1 1 6, 1. 3 (from bottom), 'brandle* brangle, /. e.

wrangle.

117, SIR THOMAS GRANTHAM M.P. for Lincoln

city in the first two Parliaments of Charles
I. not historically famous.

121, 1. 5, ' exinanition ' = emptying.

130, 1. 19, ' covenable' = fit, suitable. So ' uncon-
venable/ p. 91, 1. 6 : 1. 21, ' retribucons '
= repayments, rewards.

133, 1. 9 (from bottom), ' prfiudicatt' = prejudged.

137, 1. 6, 'perspective' = glass, e.g. telescope, &c. :
1. 7, 'derived' communicated : 1. 13,
' representlve ' = representative.

i6 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page 1 6 1, 1. 8, 'mi****' = favourite now deteriorated

into * parasite/ and worse.
1 69, 1. 17,' involution ' = entanglement.

VOL. II.

3, 1. 3, ' infestuous ' = mischievous.

4, 1. I, ' strengths ' = strongholds.

6, EARL OF NOTTINGHAM Charles Howard, who
succeeded his father as 2nd earl of Not-
tingham, Dec. 14, 1624 died Oct. 3,
1642. He led against the Armada.

9, 1. 7, ' elogie ' = lament.

u, SIR HENRY MARTEN the distinguished advo-
cate and judge, successively of the Ad-
miralty, Prerogative Court, and the
Arches. He died Sept. 26, 1641. He
was hung as one of the Regicides.

12, EARL OF CARLISLE James Hay, the well-known
favourite of James I., who created him
Earl of Carlisle in 1622. Charles I. also
made him ist gentleman of his bed-
chamber. He died April 25, 1636, and
the title became extinct on the death of
his son in 1660: ibid., EARL OF HOL-
LAND Sir Henry Rich, K.B. (2nd son
of Robert, ist earl of Warwick) captain
of the king's guard, was created Baron
Kensington in 1622, and Earl of Holland,

NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 163

co. Lincoln, Sept. 24, 1624. By his
wife he became possessor of the famous
' Holland House ' in Kensington. For
an attempt to rescue Charles I., when
prisoner in the Isle of Wight, he was
committed to the Tower, and eventually
executed March 9, 1649.
Page 1 5, 1. II, 'voge' = going, *'* general opinion.

21, 1. 8, ' postiir = gloss or marginal note.

25, 1. 9, ' foulkers ' = famous money-lenders.

36, 1. 3, ' exhaust ' = exhausted : 1. 4, ' checker ' =
exchequer, as before : 1. 9 (from bottom) :
SIR RICHARD WESTON of Roxwell,
Essex ambassador abroad in reign of
James I., and afterwards Chancellor of
the Exchequer. He was created Baron
Weston April 13, 1628, and Earl of
Scotland Feb. 17, 1633 : died March 13,
1634.

42, 1. 8 (from bottom), 'removent* . . . ' promovent '

= removing, promoting : CRANFIELD
Lionel Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex.
See Col. Chester's " Westminster Abbey
Registers " (p. 1.39) for his burial, and
note.

43, 1. I, ' largess ' = bounty.

45, King's Solicitor. = Solicitor General. He was
Sir Robert Heath. See Forster and
Gardiner, as before frequenter.

1 64 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page 48, 1. 6, 'touch '/ = stroke.

1. 14, 'contestation ' = contest, debate, as before.

49, 1. 8, ' atonement ' = making-at-one, reconcilia-
tion : 1. 1 8, 'partie' = person, indi-
vidual, as before : 1. 26, ' increpatwn '
= chiding. So p. 81, 1. 6 (from bot-
tom).

51, WILLIAM CLARKE, Esq., was M.P. for Ag-
mondesham, Bucks, in 2nd Parliament of
Charles I. summoned to meet in Feb.,
1625/6 not historically known.

68, 1. 14, ' budding ' = beginning a favourite word
contemporarily.

75, 1. 14, ' swasorie ' = persuasion.

77, 1. 25, ' tbrasonicair = bragging.

8 1, 1. 1 8, 'sophistries' = fallacious reasoning: ib.
' sopbisters ' = sophists not as in tech-
nical university terms.

84, SIR ROBERT MANSELL younger brother of
Thomas Mansel, ist baronet of Margam,
ancestor of the Lords Mansell of Mar-
gam. He was knighted for his valour
at the capture of Calais in 1596, and
subsequently became rear-admiral of Eng-
land. He was M.P. for Glamorgan-
shire in the ist Parliament of Charles I.
He died at a great age in 1652.

87, BISHOP WICKHAM, the celebrated founder of
New College, Oxford : died 1404.

NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 165

Page 90, 1. 17, ' vasted' = wasted used much as ' vaded '

and ' faded.'

JOHN GLANVILLE, Esq. of Tavistock Re-
corder of Plymouth, was M.P. for Ply-
mouth in and Parliament of Charles I. as
well as in the 1st. He became Speaker
of the House of Commons in 1640, and
was knighted Aug. 7, 1641. He died
Oct. 2, 1 66 1, and was buried at Broad
Hinton, Wilts.

97, LORD CHICHESTER Edward, 3rd son of Sir

John Chichester, of Raleigh, co. Devon,
was created, April i, 1625, Baron and
Viscount Chichester. He died in 1648
ancestor of first Earl of Donegal.

98, 1. 4, ' manlfer ' manifest : 1. 18, ' Colophon ' =

conclusion.

1 1 6, 1. 8, ' caulupon ' = call upon ? (unintelligible.)
127, 1. 1 8, 'tinners ' = lessors of the tin-mines.
140, 1. 9, ' elogie' eulogy.
143, 1. 5, 'fautors ' = favourers, patrons.

II.

II. GENERAL INDEX OF NAMES AND
THINGS.

II. GENERAL INDEX OF NAMES AND
THINGS.

%* Under 'Speech,' * Parliament,' and the like, will be found full
statements of which details are separately given in this Index.
So also under prominent names, e.g. Charles, Buckingham,
Eliot, the principal events, &c.

A.

BSURDITIE, in reason, i. 16.
Accusacon, Socrates did not answear, i. 5 :

made against him, i. 7.
Accusers, i. 5, 58.
Achan, ii. 136.

Actions, substance of, i. 8 : not discourse, i. 44.
Adjornment, of Parliament, i. 61, 62, 63, 121, 122 : only

by House of Commons itself, 1 24.
Admiracon, i. 4.
Admiralty, abuses in, ii. 44.
Adventurers, merchant, i. 82.
Aer, will vindicate Socrates, i. 6.

170 GENERAL INDEX.

Affect, affected, i. 78, 79, 96.

Affections, i. 6.

Affective, i. 26.

Afflictions, of the time, ii. 46.

Agitations, in Parliament, i. 36.

Ajax, i. 8.

Alehouses, restraint of, i. 126.

Alexander the Great, ii. 1 1 8.

Algiers, ii. 124.

Alienation, license of, i. 126.

Allegations, i. 10.

Alnage, i. 83.

Ambassadors, i. 43, 44, 75, 85 : gratification to, ii. ii.

Ancestors, ii. 113.

Anderson, a great lawyer, ii. 1 21.

Andrians, i. 157.

Anian, Dr., i. 82 : forbidden to preach, ii. 15, 16. See
Wood's Ath. Oxon. s. n.

Annihil, i. 15.

Answear, Socrates did not, i. 5, 26 : particular, i. 6 : to
petition of religion, ii. 57 onward. See vol. i. 84 on-
ward.

Antiquitie, i. 8.

Anytus, i. 5, 7, 14.

Apologie for Socrates =a. Vindication of Sir John Eliot by
himself, i. 1-30 : difficulty of, i. 5.

Apollo, i. 35, 42.

Apothecaries, patent of, i. 81.

Apparant, i. 88.

GENERAL INDEX. 171

Architophles, i. 71.

Argument, libertie of, i. 7.

Arguments, needed, i. 6.

Argus, i. 64 : ii. 55.

Arminians, i. 106, 107 : ii. 102, 137.

Army, leader of, i. 115.

Arrears, ii. 72.

Arrest, noe legal, i. 10, 53, 58.

Arrowes, more, ii. 55.

Articles, of Church of England, i. 106.

Aspersions, scandalous, i. 3.

Assemblie, sacred, i. 3.

Assent, Commission of, i. 122.

Assumption, of the judges, i. 28.

Athenians, pietie and justice of, example of, 1.3: pardon
sought from, i. 4 : wisdomes of, i. 7 : pardon again
asked, i. 7 : patience of, i. 7 : birthright of, i. ii.

Athens (= England), prosperity of, i. 12, 21, 26.

Atlas, i. 4.

Attensions, i. 7.

Augustine, St., i. 58.

Authoritie, not submitting to, i. 5, 19 : reasons and, i. 8 :
of Law, i. 21.

Avoid, i. 24, 89.

Ayd, enlargement of, i. 75.

Aydes, new, i. 62.

i 7 * GENERAL INDEX.

B.

Banburie, i. 104 : new election for, i. 105.

Basset, M.P., i. 105.

Be, not seeme, i. 25.

Beginnings, i. 66.

Beecher, i. 117.

Bees, ii. 121.

Bertius, i. 106.

Bethesda, i. 46.

Betrayinge, of liberty, i. 5.

Bible, quoted, i. 48, 49.

Bichrie, sons of, i. 52, 58.

Bill, for two Subsidies, i. 92.

for Tonnage and Poundage, i. 93.
Binnie [misprinted ' Pennie '], i. 83.
Birthright, i. 9.
Bishops, to be careful, i. 87.
Blame-after, i. 9.
Body, well-composed, i. 54.
Bohemia, queen of, ii. 25.
Books of Mountagu, i. 79, 80, 106 : Popish and seditious,

i. 8 1, 86.

Bottoms, English, i. 83.
Bouldnesse, i. 4.
Bracton, ii. 40.
Brandle, i. 116.
Breaches, occasions of, i. 131-2.

GENERAL INDEX. 173

Breda, i. 116.

Briareus, i. 64.

British and Irish, ii. 59.

Buckingham, duke of, interposes, i. no: interview with
Eliot, i. ni-12 : in bed with 'Dutchess,' i. in : most
blameable, i. 118: character of, i. 118-19: influence
of, i. 119 : message of king by, ii. n : present at Ox-
ford, ii. 1 8 : singled out, ii. 31, 42 : defended by
Clarke, ii. 51 : ill-advised, ii. 54: modification of acts,
ii. 54, 55 : celebrated speech of, on Petition for Reli-
gion, ii. 56 onward : self-vindication, ii. 62 : letters of
the king to, ii. 64 : associates in counsell, ii. 64 : au-
dacity of, ii. 76 : faultie, ii. 94, 106, 107, 108 : designs
of, ii. 124: speech of Eliot after B.'s assassination, ii.
134 : master of king, ii. 143, et passim,

Buckler, of State, i. 8.

Buildings, i. 82.

Bui -baitings, i. 126.

Burgo, H. de, i. 161.

Business, urgent in Parliament, i. 46.

C.

Caesar, i. 46.

Cales, expedition to, i. 158 : ii. 123.
Canopie, of State, i. 8.
Canterburie, i. 43.

Archbishop of, i. 70, 78 : censured, i. 79.

' Captives,' English, by Turks, ii. 3, 4.

II. A A

174 GENERAL INDEX.

Carlile, earl of, ii. ^2. See Notes and Illustrations.

Cataline, i. 104.

Catastrophe, i. 15.

Catechise, i. 86.

Catholic Church, ambition of, i. 169-170.

Catholicon, a, i. 66.

Catholike League, i. 117.

Cause, of Socrates, i. 7.

Cecill, Sir Edward, ii. 97, 98, 107.

Cercu instance, i. 7.

Certioraries, i. 73.

Censure, i. 37, 45, 59, 63, 106, 133.

Chancellor of the Dutchies, ii. 26.

Change, welcome per se, i. 42.

Changing names, by Jesuits, i. 73.

Chaplaines, Bishops', i. 87.

Character, a rare, i. 3.

Charges, against Socrates, i. 6.

Charges and expenditures of king, ii. 20, 37.

Charles I., accession of, hopes on, i. 41, 42 : early charac-
ter, i. 41, 42 : recreations, i. 42 : Parliament called by,
i. 43 : at Canterburie, i. 43 : marriage of, i. 43 : speech
on opening Parliament, i. 44 : disabilitie of speech, i. 44 :
father's daies, i. 44 : motto of, i. 47 j good service of,
while prince, i. 48 : undoubted heir, i. 49 : 'great ex-
pectations ' of, i. 49 : his proud inheritance, i. 50 :
dying advice of father, i. 50 : safe return from Spain,
i- 5* 5 1 ' lve of Parliaments, i. 56 : lineage, i. 56 :
religious, i. 57 : good influence, i. 66 : personal religion,

GENERAL INDEX. 175

i. 67 : 'strict' life, i. 67 : bred in Parliaments, i. 67 :
confidence shewn towards.; i. 68 : domestic charges,
i. 75 : funeral of father, i. 75 : message from the king,
i. 92 : at Hampton Court, i. 92 : demands ' Supply '
through Buckingham, i. 114: expenditures, i. 1 14 :
'confederacies/ i. 115: appeals of the king, i. 116:
answer real, not verbal, i. 1 22-3 : protects Mountagu,
ii. 14: speech at Oxford, ii. 17 : condition, ii. .37:
married the person, not the religion of his queen, ii. 60 :
new message of, ii. 79 : great debts of, ii. 88 onward :
Eliot's confidence in, i. 133, et passim.

Charter, great, {.48.

Checker, i. 35.

Chevr'es = Chevreuse, i. 43.

Chichester, Lord, ii. 97. See Notes and Illustrations.

Child, a, i. 1 8.

Christ College, Oxford, ii. 16.

Church, absence from, fines for, i. 90.

Cicero, i. 77, 102, 104, 159 : ii. 116, 122, 132, 137.

Claimes and challenges, i. 9, 10.

Clarke, Mr., ii. 51 : at bar, ii. 52. See Notes and Illus-
trations.

Clergie, subsidies granted by, i. 126.

Cloth, trade of, i. 82 : various, i. 82 : duties on, i. 82-3.

Cloth- workers, i. 83.

Coales, i. 81.

Ccenus, ii. 140.

Cognisance, i. ii.

Coke, Sir Edward, ii. 39, 92.

176 GENERAL INDEX.

Coke, Sir John, i./H3 : misconduct of, ii. 6, 7 : dictator,
1 8 : speech for king, ii. 55, 67. See Notes and Illus-
trations.

Commenda's, i. 87.
Commission, i. 162 : ii. 104.
Commissioners of the Navy, turned to evil, ii. 6.
Commitment, i. 64.
Committee of Privileges, i. 60, 61.

grand, of Greivances, i. 63.

of Religion, i. 65.

naming of, i. 63, 64 : three, i. 63, 64.

of House of Commons, i. 93 : ii. 56.
Commons, House of, first acts of, i. 60 : described, i. 93 :

dispersal of, i. 125.

Communion ('Lord's Supper'), i. 60.
Complaint, of Socrates i. 7 : translating of, i. 8.
' Complexion/ i. 54.
Concealments, patent of, i. 80.
Conclave, i. 22.
Concourse, and assemblie, i. 7.
Concurringe, of judges, i. ii.
Conference of two Houses, i. 70.
Confirring = confirminge, i. 17.
Conforming, i. 21, 89.
Conscience, i. 9, 13, 15, 21, 25.
Consequences, i. 22.
Constellation, ominous, i. 106.
Construction, favorable, i. 58.
Consulto, ii. 108.

GENERAL INDEX. 177

Contempt, of justice, i. 5, 19, 21, 23.

Con vented, i. 3.

Conway, Lord, ii. 17, 55.

Cope, Sir William, case of, i. 104, 105. See Notes and

Illustrations.

Cornwall, leases in Duchy of, i. 125 : state of, ii. 3, 4, 5.
Corruption, of judges, i. 5.
Cotton, Sir Robert, i. 129.
Counsell, to be held, ii. 50 : of War, ii. 64, 65.
Counterpoise and weight, i. 4.
Country, gentleman, i. 75.
Court, no lesser, i. 8 : papists forbidden, i. 88.
Courtiers, i. 75, 78, 118 ; ii. 26, 48, 84, 91.
Cousenage, i. 73.

Cranfeild, ii. 42. See Notes and Illustrations.
Crass us, i. 104.
Credit, of England, ii. 25, 37.
Crew, Crewe, Speaker, i. 47 : character of, i. 47, 140.

See Notes and Illustrations.
Crimes, i. 5.
Cunctation, i. 109.
Cunninge, i. 5.
Currance, i. 84.
Custome, ancient, i. ii : customes, i. 83.

D.

Dangers, i. 22.
David, i. 50, 62.

178 GENERAL INDEX.

Debts, crown, of Elizabeth and James, ii. 85.

Deductit, i. 18.

Defection, i. 16, 19.

Defence, of Socrates, i. 3, 6.

Delation, i. 8, 27.

Deliberacon, i. 12.

Denmarke, i. 75 : ii. 17, 27, 61, 72, 77.

Deprave, i. 5.

Desertion, of innocence, i. 5.

Desposorio's, i. 43.

Detraction, i. 5.

Devolve, i. 30.

Devonshire, earl of, ii. 27, 28.

Diffidence, i. 44.

Dilemma, i. 16.

Disarming, of recusants, i. 89.

Discipline, of Universities, i. 86.

Discovery, Socrates must not make, i. 13, 14, 22.

Discreation, i. 17, 99.

Disorders, origin of, i. 141.

Dissimulation, i. 36.

Dissolution, of Parliament, ii. 104, 105, 106, 132-7,

Divine, lawyer, i. 59 : divines, i. 107.

Dolphine, ii. 93.

Dorsetshire, Jesuits in, ii. 49.

Dort, i. 79, 1 06.

Dover, i. 115 : troops at, ii. 27.

Duncombe's case, i. 139-40.

Dunkerks, ii. 93.

GENERAL INDEX. 179

Duty, i. 21.

'Dyet/ called, ii. 19, 21.

E.

Ear, i. 6.
East Land Merchants, a Company for trading in the Baltic,

i. 84.

Edward I., i. 33, 144.
II., i. 33.

III., i. 33; ii. 39, 50.

IV., i. 34.

VI., i. 34, 94 : Diary of, ii. 139.
Edward's, St., shrine, ii. 89.
Education, of youth, i. 86.

Election, for Yorkshire, i. 95 : delays, i. 98-101 : why
so fully related, i. 103.

Elege, i. 29.

Eliot, Sir John, pride in defending Socrates, i. 3, 4 : im-
perfections acknowledged, i. 7 : in prison, pathetic ap-
plication to himself, i. 29, 30 : speech on religion, i.
70-73: ibid, against Wentworth, i. 101-2 : May ap-
peals to him to meet Buckingham, i. 1 1 1 : speech in
1623/4, i. 124-139: at Oxford,!. 141-8: on Supply,
i. 148 onward : i. 156 onward : of religion and liberty,
i. 164 onward : of a Fund, i. 171-3 : speech at Oxford,
ii. 9-10 : disbarred, ii. 17 : speech on Supply, ii. 81 on-
ward : on precedents, ii. 85 onward : of Supply, ii.

i8o GENERAL INDEX.

112-18: of liberty of person, ii. 119-23: of miscar-
riages of reign, ii. 123-5 : of Mohun, ii. 125-30, 130-4 :
after death of Buckingham, ii. 133 onward : in the
Tower, ii. 149.

Eliot, Port, MSS. at, i. 129 : ii. 152, et passim.

Elizabeth, Q^, splendid praise, i. 34 : affection for Parlia-
liaments, i. 35 : memories of, i. 37, 69, 76, 77, 94,
141, 142, 163: ii. 25, 26, et passim.

Eloquence, of Socrates, i. 6.

'Enapt,' i. 68.

End, and issue, i. 46.

Endimion, i. 42.

Enemies, i. 3, 5.

Engagement, none but by act, ii. 44 : pressed, ii. 47.

England, New, plantation of, i. 80.

England, under Elizabeth, i. 35, 77 : condition of later,
i. 130-3: ii. 3-4, 5, 51, 97.

England's Parliament, i. 33.
West Parts, ii. 3.

Englishman, a proud name, i. 33 : better fighters than
treaty-makers, ii. ii.

Enterludes, i. 126.

'Eolus/ i. no.

Equalls, i. 18.

' Errors,' i. 65 : declaration of, ii. 72 onward.

Estate, King's, ii. 68.

Europe, i. 46.

Evils, national, ii.42.

Examinacon, i. 22.

GENERAL INDEX. 181

Example and examples, i. 3, 7, 29.

Expiation, i. 3.

Expression, defect of, i. 7.

Extempore speaking, best liked in House of Commons,

i. 7 8.

Exuberance, i. 77.

F.

Fact, i. 13, 14, 22, 24, 28, 63.

Factions, fractions, i. 72, 132.

Faith, justifying, i. 107.

Fame, of the king, i. 46.

Fasting, i. 60, 90: reply of king on, i. 74: of, 172 :
held, i. 74 : day appointed, ii. 16.

ffleta, i. 1 08.

ffoulkers, ii. 25.

Fidelitie, to king, i. 44.

Fifteenths, i. 46, 62, 76, 115, 153.

Fines, of recusants, i. 90.

Fleet, idle, ii. 4: to go forth, ii. 17: dancing a pavine,
ii. 44: to go out, ii. 53, 54, 55, 61: costly under-
taking, ii. 66-67.

Flies, of Court, i. 34.

Forfeitures, i. 73.

Forme, inward, i. 8.

Foro iudlcijy inforo consdentia, i. 9.

Forster, John, i. 129, 130, 139, 140 : ii. 149, 151, 152 et
passim.

II. B B

i8z GENERAL INDEX.

Fragments, of unspoken speeches, ii. 147-9.

France, in combustion, ii. 19.

Frauds, ii. 42.

Freedom, in debate, memoranda on, ii. 147.

Freeholders, certificate of, i. 96.

Free speech, i. 53, 58.

French, i. 43, 44, 77 : ships assigned to, ii. 7.

G.

Game, and plaie of favorits, ii. 77.
Gascoyne, Gascoine, i. 146 : ii. 89.
Gate, in Yorkshire election, i. 97, 100.
Gaunt, duke of, ii. 15.
Gaveston, ii. 88.
Genius, of Socrates, i. 4.
Genoa, ii. 27.

Germans, ii. 17, 19, 27, 61.
Giving, and withholding, argued out, ii. 82, 83.
Glanvile, ii. 92, 105. See Notes and Illustrations.
Gods, metaphors from heathen, ii. 128, 129.
Gondamar, a juggling jacke, i. 142 : ii. 86.
Gould-wire drawers, i. 80.
Government, i. 8.
Grace, of Socrates, i. 6.

Grantham, Sir Thomas, i. 117. See Notes and Illustra-
tions.

Grants, to recusants, i. 89.
Gratian, ii. 138.

GENERAL INDEX. 183

Gravitie, of House of Commons, ii. 52.

Greivance, of Socrates, i. 7 : grand committee of, i. 63 :

opposition to, i. 65 : divers grounds, i. 65 : answer to,

i. 80 : addition to, ii. 49.
Grevile, Sir Foulk, i. 113, 114.
Gubertus, i. 54.
Guiltie, Socrates because not, {.5.

H.

Hannibal, i. 104.

Happiness, common, i. 44.

Harley, Sir Simon, ii. 14 (see s. n. Harvie).

Harvie, Sir Symon, i. 8 1 : ii. 42.

Head, the, i. 8.

< Heat,' declined, i. 68.

Heathens, put religion first, i. 71.

Hector, i. 8.

Heighten, i. 5.

Henry III., i. 33, 38, 135, 146: ii. 89 et passim.

IV., i. 13, 15, 21, 34. et passim.
V., i. 33: ii. 102.

VI., i. ii, 12, 18, 33, 94, 120, 123: ii. 89 et
passim.

VII., i. 34, 94 et passim.

VIII., i. 13, 21,34,94.
Hercules, i. 4.
Hezekiah, i. 49.
Hierarchic, unchristian, i. 52.

1 8 4 GENERAL INDEX.

Holland, earl of, ii. 12. See Notes and Illustrations.

Hollanders, i. 35.

Homer, i. 45.

Honors, set to sale, ii. 87.

Hope, good, i. 109, no.

Hospitalis, ii. 144.

House of Commons, i. 12.

Household, royal, ii. 41, 42.

Humiliation, day of, i. 60 : occasion of, i. 60.

I.

Immunities, i. 10, 15, 52.

Impeachment, i. ii.

Impositions, i. 69, 70, 94 : limitation of, i. 94 : consent
refused for, i. 95 : multiplied, i. 143 : inquired into, ii.
50, 87 et passim. See Gardiner's History under "Im-
positions " on currants, tobacco, &c., and note to Buck-
ingham and Charles I., 32.

Impossibilities, not commanded, i. 16.

Imprisonment of members, i. 12.

Inducement, i. 12, 15.

Infection, of ' sowles,' i. 65.

Infelicities, of England, under James I., i. 42, 69.

Inferiors, i. 18, 19.

Informers, i. 5, 8, 13, 14.

Innocence, of Socrates, i. 3 : desertion of, i. 5, 23, 25 :
' his innocence ' a phrase, i. 6, 24, 26.

Innovations, i. 166.

GENERAL INDEX. 185

Insolencies, of papists, i. 90.
Integritie, unmatcht, i. 3.
Intelligence, given, i. 13.
Intention, i. 7, 9.
Interdiccon, i. 15.
Interest, public, i. 25.
Intervenients, i. 99.

Interview, of Eliot with Buckingham, i. 111-13.
Ireland, i. 90, 91, 107, 114 : ii. 14, 20, 28, 43, 46, 60,
62.

J.

Jailes, custody of, i. 8.

James I., i. n ('occasion of some fear') : death of, i. 41,
49 : long orations of, i. 45 : engagements to, i. 45 :
last parliament of, i. 48, 55 : complaints to, i. 65, 66 :
petitions to, i. 74: infortunities of, i. 77 : supported
Mountagu, i. 79: laws, i. 94: warrant of, i. 105:
'if Mountagu a Papist so he,' i. 105 : servants of, i.
141, 142 : case of interposition, ii. 15 : deceived in
Spain, ii. 32 : debts of, ii. 72 : bad times of, ii. 114 et
passim.

James, Richard, B.D., ii. 150-151.

Jesuits, i. 52, 65, 73 : contrivances of, i. 73 : non-exe-
cution of laws against, i. 85 : departure of, i. 88 : pardon
of, i. 167, 169 : ii. 8 : power to, ii. 87 : pardons, ii. 102.

Joel, i. 70.

Jotham, i. 50.

i86 GENERAL INDEX.

Judas, i. 108.

Judges, corruption of, i. 5 : ordinary, i. 9 : resolucon of,

i. ir, 12, 14 : enlarging authority of, i. 27, 28.
Judgment, a, not greater than a process, i. 20.
Jupiter, ii. 123.

Jurisdicon, i. 8, u, 13, 15, 22, 27.
Justice, i. 3 : contempt of, i. 5, 9, 19, 23 : embodied,

i. 7, 17 : defined, i. 24, 25.

K.

King, three necessaries for a, ii. 41.
dignity of, i. 137.
no private knowledge of legislation, ii. 14.

Kings, for and against Parliaments, i. 33-4, 35, 36 : va-
rious great, i. 94.

Kingsale ( = Kinsale), ii. 28.

Knowledge, ' solitarie/ i. 67.

L.

Lands, royal, resumed, i. 161.

Laro, de Count, ii. 83.

Latimer, Lord, ii. 15.

Law, defection from the, i. 5, 16, 19 : equivalent of,

i. 10 : senate makes, i. 12 : certain, i. 21: common,

i. 57 : to be executed, i. 89.
Laws, statutes, i. 9, 12, 18 : sufficient and full, i. 73:

non-execution of, i. 73.

GENERAL INDEX. 187

Lawyers, i. 10, 29, 59 : ii. 22.

Leagues, ii. 37 : Spanish, ii. 41.

Learning, from others, i. 131.

'Leaves fruitful' (= prerogatives), i. 48, 55.

* Lectures' ridiculed, i. 107.

* Lenitie ' to Mountagu, i. 79.
Lepidus, ii. 96.

Letters, obtained, i. 74.

Levant, merchants, i. 83.

Level, of reason, i. 7.

Leven, i. 8, 167.

Lewis, St., ii. 10.

Liberties, betraying of, i. 5 : sanctuary of, i. 8 : franchise
and, i. II, 12, 14, 16, 26, 167-8 et passim: England,
last 'free' monarchy, ii. 82-3.- (See under 'Reli-
gion.')

Licenses, called breifes, i. 81.

Lincoln, Bp. of, i. 45. (See under Williams.')

Lives, question for, i. 10.

Livings, unfurnished, {.87.

Livy, i. 104.

Locusts, i. 52.

London, resort of recusants to, i. 90 : seat of Parliament,
i. 124.

Lords, numbers doubled of Commons' deputations, i. 91 ;
commission on adjournment, i. 121 : interpretation be-
longs not to, ii. 24.

Low Countries, i. 77 : ii. 19, 20.

Lucius, i. 52.

J88 GENERAL INDEX.

Lyco, i. 5, 8, ik,.
Lying, no, i. 24.

M.

Machiavel, ii. 123.

Malice, i. 5.

Mallet, a lawyer, ii. 75.

' Manner/ i. 46.

Mansell, Sir Robert, ii. 84, 93, 95, 97. See Notes and

Illustrations.
Mansfelt, Count, i. 45, 75, 76, 114, 115 : ii. 20, 21, 27,

124 et passim.
Marcellus, ii. 126, 127.
Marchant adventurers, i. 82.
Mars, i. 35, 42.
Marten, Sir Henry, ii. ii : character of, ii. 12, 13, 95.

See Notes and Illustrations.
Mary, queen, i. 34, 94.
Maxim. Tirr., i. 3.

May, Sir Humphrey, i. no. See Notes and Illustrations.
Mayne, dutchy of, loss of, ii. 87.
' Mediating interest J of Charles I., i. 66.
Melitus, i. 5, 7, 9, 14, 23.
Members, ill, i. 8.
Men, great, dependence on, i. 73.
Merchants, ' spoiled ' of Turks, ii. 4.
Meros, i. 51, 58.
Message, new and urgent of the king, ii. 79, 80.

GENERAL INDEX. 189

Meteor, ii. 148.

Metis, i. 35 ; ii. 136.

Middlesex, Lord, i. 140.

Milan, ii. 21.

Mildram, Sir John, i. 81. See Notes and Illustrations,

Minerva, i. 35.

Minions, ii. 21.

Ministers, silenced, i. 87.

Miscarriages, of the reign, ii. 123-125.

Miserie, i. 131.

Moab, i. 71.

Mohun, speech on, ii. 125-30, 130-4.

Monies, to be wanted foreseen, ii. 67.

Monopolies, i. 69, 70.

Montagu, proceedings with, i. 78, 79 ; books of, i. 79 :

ii. 15 : in attendance, i. 105, 106, 107: offences of, i.

1 06, 107 : charges against, i. 108 : to be imprisoned, i.

1 08 ; called in, i. 109 : protected, i. 125 : cause resumed,

ii. 13: not forthcoming, ii. 13: left to punishment,

ii. 54.

Moors, wars against, ii. 83.
Mouth too narrow, i. 7 : children of the, i. 78.
MSS. at Port Eliot, ii. 151-2.
Mulct, i. 1 6, 73.

Multiplicitie of offices in no man, ii. 42, 43.
Multum in parvo, i. 45.

ii. c c

190 GENERAL INDEX.

N.

Naples, ii. 103.

Naunton, Sir Robert, character of and speech, ii. 80.
Navy, i. 45, 114: ii. 6.
' Necessarie ' things, i. 68.
Necessitie, three orders of, ii. 40.
Nefasti, ii. 149.
Neglect, of Socrates, i. 5, 24.
Negotlum Posterorum, torn. 2, lib. i., i. 31-126 : design of,

i. 36-7 : torn. sec. lib. 2, ii. i-io, and onward.
Nero, ii. 12.

New castell coales, i. 81.
New wares, i. 117: ii. 118.
Non-attendance at House of Commons, i. 93.
Non-residence, i. 87.
North, the, i. 62, 96.
Notion, i. ii.

Nottingham, earl of, ii. 6. See Notes and Illustrations.
Nullities, i. 47.

O.

Obedience, i. 55.
Object, i. 4, 7, 15.
Objections, particular, i. 6.
Obligaccon, i. 4.
Obsolved, i. 89.
Occasion, new, i. 28.

GENERAL INDEX. , 9 i

Oders, i. 10.

Offence, i. 5.

Olivero, Count, = Olivares, ii. 69, 70, 77. See Notes
and Illustrations.

Ominous, i. 63.

' Opinion, good/ i. 53.

Opposition, described, ii. 29.

Orange, prince of, ii. 97.

Orations, long, of James I., i. 44.

Orbicular, i. 54.

Order, of procedure in House of Commons, ii. 52-3.

Ordinaries, i. 86.

Ought, i. 12.

Overtures, i. 13.

Oxford, adjournment of House of Commons to, i. 123 :
plague in, i. 1 24 ; ' prodigious birth/ i. 1 26 : speech at,
i. 140-8 : parliament at, ii. 8 : driven to, ii. 115.

P.

Palladium, i. 18 : ii. 136.

Pallas, ii. 12.

Pallatinate, i. 51, 57, 76 : ii. 18, 19, 47, 6 1, 117, 124.

Palsgrave, ii. 47.

Papists, increase of, i. 65, 84 : ' heat ' excited by, i. 69 :
connivance with, i. 69, 70 : changing names, i. 73 :
dangers from, i. 84-5 : no orders to be taken from
Rome, i. 89 : employment, i. 164.

Pardons, i. 74 : to a Jesuit, ii. 8, 9, 49.

, 9 t ,:/ V/ K H /,Y/>/ \

, i! ilonr IM p.nlumrnl, ilrnnr.l. .. -,,,

1'. ulum, nl ..I I'nj'l.nul. i. ; ;. ;|. ; ', . ;'> m \ , v of, i,

37-s origin of, - ;8 - .ill. .1 i-\ rh.ni, i i .. i. 43
speech of, i, 43 t Pan . < i- ri< ulei I.

praised for calling, i. 49 : derogation ..i. i i incltnl

Opinions of, i i ; ' impciln I, i i .; i piivilrj-rs "I.

i 'si 1 1. MM 1 1 1. .,,,...,.. i.-. < 135-6 t advantages

"I. i i |6 l< lin. ,1. i. i ;h-7 tt pa^
I'.IIMC. Sn 1'h, .in.r. . n 15,

I'. HIM ill. n . .in.! rriici.il. i. ag,

Pirtii \ i -. .

I'.r. ION .. i ,,

I'.Ui i, nlii .. i i ')

r.ni. IK. . i. 7 : sought, i, 7,

r.iviui nl ..I .1 .uin. i H'

lY.i. , . ' I, .Mr . ,.iiii|. (<.!.' i | i , |

r. II.MI, on ( > i. ,,

I', nine .m.l ( ;. inn. (sec lluiin. ), i

Paopli, tht, .. |, . 6

r, rformwK . not ibioluft , I it

\'< I |.< III. III. |'-.. I

I 1 , i -n. lil.< H\ Ofj ii tl9 1*3,

I'l MM. .11. I Ij'hl lli.l j'l.H ...I.I IM |., (ill, .n' . I . ") '. I ' '
<( II UgiOHj -III'.\V. II .1 |.\ I'.!!, l.lll-ll .Mil. II ', / ..IIVV.IIil

i] i B i onwird, i

I'cli.mni.. n. 12,

I'll. i. I.HI, n

riniij. , '.,i i'i. II.M.I. ,,. , , i, md . II..I.P 1. 1. ,

30-1 B< A''/" .///./

Phlllttimi,! .

IM.ij.iir (.., SH KM.'/.), i. I t i.

K, , ,-,,1,1 nol, . .,
n,M V . . I', .. 121,
ri.....!,M, . , 87.

. M. 4, tt pa^
B, i, 115,

.- M,

PolHci*, 11, 144,

I 1 .-, ., . lot -I, i, 143 : ii, 87, ss Pontoiie in France,

r,.,,|, . ,|, I,. , , | ,. ,i., .-tpaitim.

Poort, i, 90,

I',-!- nc, i .)i . i. >

'..p. i \ . ii i | '

-., ;).<

\M I ( \ .Mill MM|'".'.lllll( V, I I ,

'own , ;ihsolutr, i. ((.

',, ,, lull;-. (,' !>,' CMl.UlM-ll, I S ' lulu'lllnl. I. Iv> '.

'irwJcMls, i. ): ;>l.hu-rl hy SM l\l\v.ul i\-kc. ii. ,j>\ j ;.

75, 83, 84, too i copiea of, ii, 147.

IV in, .lu in, MI. t S

f.M wtr, i. 46, tt6 : ii, 22%

'..' .11 l\ '. I>M .ll. 1 '>,. I s|

194- GENERAL INDEX.

Presence, access to, {.53.

Present, i. 46.

President, i. 29, 52.

Prestigious, i. 41, 117 : ii. 6. See Notes and Illustrations.

Pretended, i. 59.

Pretor, i. 35.

Princes, allowance, &c., of, i. 9, 10.

Prioritie, i. n.

Prisoners of the Fleet, not released in Plague, i. 120.

Prisons, in Papist keeping, i. 88.

Privado's, i. no, 118.

Privat, publike, i. n : right of person, i. 15 : undertaking,
i. 70.

Priviledge, i. 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 21, 23, 26, 28, 60,
102, 134.

Proceedings, with Socrates, i. 7.

Processe, declininge, i. 5, 16, 19.

Proof, not mere words, i. 6.

Prorogation, not adjournment, i. 122.

Protestants, French, ii. 21.

Protest of House of Commons against dissolution, ii. 104
onward : and declaration, ii. 142-7 : against legal pro-
ceedings, ii. 147.

Publike, right, i. 9.

Punicke, i. 109.

Punishable, only in Senate, i. 8.

Puritans, i. 107.

GENERAL INDEX. 195

0,

Queen of James, i. 43 : at opening of Parliament, i. 44.
Questor, i. 35.
Quicklime, i. 47.

R.

Reason, i. 7, 36.

Recalling from seminaries, i. 87.

Recess, i. 119.

Recusants, i. 74, 78, 87, 89, 90, 125 : ii. 59.

Reflections, final, ii. 109.

Refractory, i. 20.

Rtligando, a, i. 71.

Religion, i. 49, 50, 57, 65, 69, 70 : described, i. 70-1 :

principle, i. 71 : laws of, i. 72, 74 : and liberty, i. 164

onward: speech of Eliot on, ii. 138-47.
Remedies, ii. 42 onward.
Remonstrance, ii. 116.
Rents, royal, ii. 43.
Reparacon, i. 9.
Resolucon, a judge's, i. ii.
Resources, looked into, ii. 50.
Retention, i. 15, 17.
Retracons, i. 1 1 .

Rhetra, i. 10, ii, 15. See Notes and Illustrations.
Rhodians, ii. 135.
Richard II., i. 10, 14, 18, 33.

196 GENERAL INDEX.

Rights,!. 5, 10, I3,/I4, 22 -

Rochellors, ii. 69, 81.

Rome, no order to be taken from, i. 89.

Roper, Lord, ii. 69, 81.

Rubbs, i. 48. See Notes and Illustrations.

Rudyard, Sir Benjamin, i. 66 : speech of, i. 66-8 : not
seen the king, i. 68 : character of, i. 68-9, 75 : petition
from, i. 84-5 : instruction needed, i. 86 : act for, i. 126 ;
five things necessary, ii. 50 : petition on, ii. 55.

S.

Sabbath, i. 60, 63, 74, 125.

Sad, i. 12.

Salisburie, earl of, ii. 28.

Samians, i. 149.

Savill, Sir John, i. 61, 95, 96, 97, 100. See Notes and

Illustrations.

Savoy, duke of, ii. 17 et passim.
' Say little but doe much/ i. 55.
Scandall,- innocence exposed to, i. 5.
' Sceane,' i. 79 : ii. 22.
Schoolmasters, i. 86.
Scotch, i. 35.
Searges, i. 83.

* Seasonable,' commission of greivances not, i. 65.
Sedicon, i. 8.
Seeme, not be, i. 25.
Selden, John, ii. 152.

GENERAL INDEX. i 97

Seminarie, priests, i. 52, 85, 87.

Senate, publicke, i. 8: rights of, i. 9, 10, n, 12, 17, 18,
21, 26, 27.

Seneca, i. 134, 137, 163 : ii. 9, 123.

Sentence, quashed, i. 14.

Session, determination of, i. 120, 126.

Seymour, Sir Francis, speech of, i. 94 : ii. 24, 25. See
Notes and Illustrations.

Sheriffes, i. 81, 96: a Yorkshire, i. 103.

Ships, ii. 46.

' Shortlie meet/ i, 119, 123.

Sickness, national, i. 61, 65, 84, 92, 123.

Silence enforct, i. 13, 15.

Sinister intentions, i. 8.

Sociats, i. 27.

Socrates, i. 3 (see also ' Apologie ') : why he defended not
himself, i. 3 : dead, memorie of, i. 3, 4 : stained, i. 3 :
invoked, i. 4 : silence of, 5 : traitor, i. 5 : worthy to
vindicate, i. 6 : power of, if present, i. 6 : memorie of,
i. 7 : accusations, i. 7 : not punishable, i. 8 : bound by
' presidents/ i. 9 : the * stand ' made by, i. 9 : sworn
not to reveal debates, i. 13: point of right, i. 15:
guilty or not, i. 15 : particular charges, i. 1 6 : expiation
of, i. 17 : even if faulty not to be questioned, i. 17, 18,
19 : innocence of, i. 24 : called a traitor, i. 26, 27, 29 :
fame of, i. 27 : in person, i. 29 : eulogy, i. 29, 30 :
sufferings, i. 30.

Sollicitor, king's, ii. 45. See Notes and Illustrations.

Solomon, i. 49, 50.

II. D D

198 GENERAL INDEX.

Somerset, i. 142 / ii. 83.

Spain, i. 35, 41, 42, 56, 143, 168 : ii. 18, 27, 28, 32, 61

et passim : match with, ii. 69.
Speaker, choice of, i. 47.
Speech, of Charles I., in opening Parliament, i. 44 : of Lord

Keeper (Williams), i. 45-6, 54-9 : free, i. 53 : of Crewe,

as Speaker, i. 48-53: of Philips, ii. 30-6 : of Weston,

ii. 36 : of Sir Edward Coke, ii. 39 onward.
Speeches of Sir John Eliot, i. 70-3, 130-9, 139-40,

140-8, 156, 164, 171-80: ii. 113-18, 119-23, 123-5,

125-30, 130-4.

Spunger, of the commonwealth, i. 136, 161.
Stamford, ii. 120.
Stanneries, ii. 127.
State, i. 8.
Statutes, i. 9.

Strangers, observe felicities of England, i. 33.
Streames, i. 5.
' Subject, one/ ii. 31.
Submission, i. 16.
Submitting, not to authoritie, i. 5.
Subsidies, i. 46, 62, 76, 92, 114, 126, 153-4: ii. 29, 30,

103. See Gardiner's History, as before, note i, 288.
Subventions, i. 46.
Sufferance, i. 17.

Suffolk, duke of, i. 144 : ii. 83 (see ' de la Poole ').
Supersedeas, i. 15, 73 : ii. 8.
Supplements to Negotium Posterorum, i. 127 onward : ii.

in onward.

GENERAL INDEX. 199

'Supply/ i. 75, 76, 1 10, 117: ii. 23, 29, 30, 31, 96-7,

98, 113-18, 119-23, 123-5.
Sundaie, unlawful sports, i. 126.
Sweden, king of, ii. 61, 77.
Syneresis, i. 69.

T.

Tacitus, i. 103, 169: ii. 6, 96.

Themistocles, i. 157.

Thrift of Charles I., i. 42.

Tiberius, ii. 96.

Time ('the great commander '), i. 46.

Timotheus, ii. 136.

Tiplings, i. 126.

Titans, ii. 142.

Tobacco, i. 83.

Toledo, ii. 83.

Tongue, of Socrates, i. 6.

Tonnage, i. 93, 109, 125 so much on the tun of wine

and so much on the value of other goods.
Townshend, Sir John, i. 80.
Tract, of reason, i. 7.

Tradesmen better than nobles at Admiralty, ii. 44.
Tradition, i. 38.

Traitor, Socrates called, i. 5, 26, 29.
Treaties, dissolution of, i. 42, 48 : no more, ii. 32, 42 ;

breach of, ii. 63.
Triall, i. 22.

aoo GENERAL INDEX.

Troilus, i. 8.

True, even if, not punishable, i. 8.

Trust, the tried, i. 66.

Truth, i. 3, 24.

Turks, c infestuous/ ii. 3, 4, 5, 93.

U.

* Ulcer canckrous/ i. 132.

Ulysses, i. 115.

'Understanding, no,' i. 130.

Undertakers, i. 132.

Universities, discipline of, i. 86, 87 : livings of, i. 87.

Unparliamentary, i. 46, 59 : ii. 24.

Use, and custome, i. 10.

V.

Valtoline, ii. 27, 61.

Vantgard, ii. 7.

Venetians, i. 83 : ii. 7.

Venice, i. 95.

Verres, i. 159.

Vice, i. 5.

Vindication of Socrates, i. 3, 6.

Virtue, i. 5, 7.

W.

Want, causes of, ii. 42.

War, with Spain, &c., i. 45, 76 : ii. 27, 50.

GENERAL INDEX. *oi

Wardes, court of, i. 82.

Waste grounds, ii. 43.

Wentworth, Sir Henry (= Strafford), i. 61, 95, 96, 97,
98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104: ii. 92.

Weston, Sir Richard, ii. 36, 79. See Notes and I/lustra-
tions, s. n.

White, Dr., i. 106.

Wickham, Bp., ii. 87, 89. See Notes and Illustrations.

Williams, Lord Keeper, i. 45, 92, 140: ii. 10, 56, 76,
78, 104.

Winter townes = Winterton Ness, i. 81.

Word, virtue gone out of, i. 6.

Writ, i. 20.

Y.

Yorke, presidentship of, and Wales, ii. 41.

Yorkshire, election for, i. 95.

Youth, careful education of, i. 86. G.

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